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Kluster Gen Biosintetik (NRPS/PKS) Pada Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Pantai Tirang Semarang Indonesia

Departmen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 21 Mar 2024; Revised: 9 Jun 2024; Accepted: 26 Jul 2024; Available online: 12 Nov 2024; Published: 12 Nov 2024.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Kelautan Tropis under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

This study aims to explore biosynthetic gene clusters and antibacterial activity in mangrove sediment bacteria at Tirang Beach, Semarang, Central Java. Research methods include isolating bacteria from seagrass sediments, antibacterial testing against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria, identifying bacteria using the DNA method, and testing the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters. The results showed that the mangrove sediment bacterial isolate with the isolate code B.26.ST.3.4 had the highest antibacterial activity with a value of 28.05 ± 0.9192 against the pathogen E. coli and 23.45 ± 10.2530 against the pathogen S. aureus. Apart from that, there are two other isolates that also have antibacterial activity. Based on bacterial DNA identification, mangrove sediment bacteria that have potential as antibacterials are Bacillus velezensis (B.9.ST.1.4), Bacillus subtilis (B.13.ST.2.2), and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B.26.ST.3.4). These three isolates have the NRPS gene, and isolate B.9.ST.1.4 also has the PKS-II gene, while isolate B.26.ST.3.4 has the PKS-I gene. This discovery provides a deeper understanding of the antibacterial potential of mangrove sediment bacteria at Tirang Beach, Semarang. This information can be used to develop natural antibiotics that are more effective and have the potential to fight bacterial infections that are increasingly resistant to conventional antibiotics. The conclusion is that bacteria have potential as antibacterials from mangrove sediment bacteria at Tirang Beach, Semarang through isolation and identification of bacteria. Isolate B.26.ST.3.4 has the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus pathogens. Apart from that, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens also have antibacterial potential. The NRPS gene was found in all three isolates, while isolate B.9.ST.1.4 also had the PKS-II gene and isolate B.26.ST.3.4 had the PKS-I gene. This discovery can provide a deeper understanding of the natural antibiotic potential of mangrove sediment bacteria and can be the basis for further development in the pharmaceutical field.

 

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi klaster gen biosintesis dan aktivitas antibakteri pada bakteri sedimen mangrove di Pantai Tirang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian meliputi isolasi bakteri dari sedimen lamun, uji antibakteri terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli, identifikasi bakteri dengan metode DNA, dan uji keberadaan klaster gen biosintesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri sedimen mangrove dengan kode isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dengan nilai 28,05±0,9192 terhadap patogen E. coli dan 23,45±10,2530 terhadap patogen S. aureus. Selain itu, terdapat dua isolat lain yang juga memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Berdasarkan identifikasi bakteri DNA, bakteri sedimen mangrove yang potensial sebagai antibakteri adalah Bacillus velezensis (B.9.ST.1.4), Bacillus subtilis (B.13.ST.2.2), dan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B.26.ST.3.4). Ketiga isolat ini memiliki gen NRPS, dan isolat B.9.ST.1.4 juga memiliki gen PKS-II, sedangkan isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki gen PKS-I. Penemuan ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang potensi antibakteri dari bakteri sedimen mangrove di Pantai Tirang Semarang. Informasi ini dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan antibiotik alami yang lebih efektif dan memiliki potensi dalam melawan infeksi bakteri yang semakin resisten terhadap antibiotik konvensional. Kesimpulan bahwa bakteri potensi sebagai antibakteri dari bakteri sedimen mangrove di Pantai Tirang, Semarang melalui isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri. Isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi terhadap patogen E. coli dan S. aureus. Selain itu, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, dan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens juga memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Gen NRPS ditemukan pada ketiga isolat tersebut, sedangkan isolat B.9.ST.1.4 juga memiliki gen PKS-II dan isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki gen PKS-I. Penemuan ini dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang potensi antibiotik alami dari bakteri sedimen mangrove dan dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam bidang farmasi.

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Keywords: Gane; Identifikasi Bakteri; NRPS; PKS; Sediments

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