DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v11i2.31793

Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Perilaku Vaksinasi COVID – 19 Pada Pelaku Usaha Mikro

*Oktrina Gustanela  -  STIKES HAKLI Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia, Indonesia
Hadi Pratomo  -  Departemen Pendidikan Kesehatan dan Ilmu Perilaku, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia, Indonesia
Dian Ayubi  -  Departemen Pendidikan Kesehatan dan Ilmu Perilaku, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia, Indonesia
Kemal Nazaruddin Siregar  -  Departemen Kependudukan dan Biostatistika, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
Received: 8 Apr 2026; Revised: 27 May 2026; Accepted: 28 May 2026; Published: 30 May 2026.

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Abstract

Background: Accelerating COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for businesses to accelerate health and economic recovery in Indonesia, particularly among micro-enterprises whose businesses have been impacted. The Health Belief Model (HBM) aims to provide new information about risks and behaviors to minimize them. The HBM's core assumptions are awareness of the risks of severe or life-threatening illnesses and understanding that the benefits outweigh the barriers to healthy behavior. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination behavior among micro-enterprises in Padang City.

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design. The researchers randomly selected five sub-districts representing the study area, namely Padang Timur, Padang Utara, Nanggalo, Pauh, and Kuranji, with a total population of 17,222 micro-entrepreneurs. The target population consisted of micro-enterprise owners, and a sample of 190 respondents was included in the study. The sampling technique used was Proportional Random Sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered through KoboToolbox, both online and offline. Data analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical analyses.

Results: The results showed 56,8% business actors took two doses of COVID-19 vaccination. Knowledge, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers are related to COVID-19 vaccination behavior. Perceived benefits are the most dominant factor related to the behavior of COVID-19 vaccination.

Conclusion: Knowledge of the disease and its vaccine determined actual action to take COVID-19 vaccinations. The higher perceived benefits compared to perceived barriers toward COVID-19 vaccination influenced the small business actors to get  COVID-19 vaccination.

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Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination ; Health Belief Model ; Micro Business Enterprise

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