DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v11i1.31586

Aedes aegypti Larvae and Their Association with Air Temperature and Water pH in Cipadung Kulon, Bandung

*Agung Sutriyawan orcid scopus publons  -  Master's Student of Statistics Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia
Rohmatul Fajriyah  -  Department of Public Health, Bhakti Kencana University, Bandung, Indonesia,, Indonesia
Kariyam Kariyam  -  Department of Statistics, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia
Received: 13 Mar 2026; Revised: 10 May 2026; Accepted: 11 May 2026; Available online: 14 May 2026; Published: 14 May 2026.

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Abstract

Background: Dengue remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in urban and semi-urban areas. Bandung City continues to experience increasing dengue cases annually. Understanding the environmental factors associated with Aedes aegypti larvae and their spatial distribution is important to support targeted vector control strategies. This study aimed to describe the spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti larvae and to examine its association with air temperature and water pH levels.

Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design with an analytical approach. It was conducted in Cipadung Kulon Subdistrict, Bandung City, from May - July 2024. A total of 95 households were selected using proportional and systematic random sampling techniques. Data were collected through direct observation. Spatial distribution was presented descriptively, while associations between variables were analyzed using the chi-square test.

Result: Among 95 households, 71.6% (68/95) were positive for Aedes aegypti larvae. Air temperature was significantly associated with larval presence (p = 0.035; PR = 1.43). Households with optimum air temperature (25–30°C) had a higher prevalence of larvae compared to those with suboptimal temperature. Water pH levels were also significantly associated with larval presence (p = 0.002; PR = 1.60), with higher prevalence observed in households with pH levels of 6.0–7.5.

Conclusion : The presence of Aedes aegypti larvae at the household level was associated with air temperature and water pH. Maintaining proper environmental conditions in water storage containers and strengthening community-based vector control practices are important to reduce larval habitats.

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Keywords: Aedes aegypti; air temperature; dengue; spatial distribution; water pH

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