Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Viral Load Pada ODHIV yang Menjalani Terapi Antiretroviral (ART) di Kota Kendari: Case-Control Study

Ni'mahtu Saleha; La Ode Muhamad Sety; Irma Yunawati

doi:10.14710/jekk.v11i2.31361

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v11i2.31361

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Viral Load Pada ODHIV yang Menjalani Terapi Antiretroviral (ART) di Kota Kendari: Case-Control Study

*Ni'mahtu Saleha - Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia

La Ode Muhamad Sety - Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia

Irma Yunawati - Program Studi Gizi, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia

Received: 15 Feb 2026; Revised: 16 May 2026; Accepted: 16 May 2026; Published: 19 May 2026.

under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{jekk31361,
    author = {Ni'mahtu Saleha and La Muhamad Sety and Irma Yunawati},
    title = {Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Viral Load Pada ODHIV yang Menjalani Terapi Antiretroviral (ART) di Kota Kendari: Case-Control Study},
    journal = {Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas},
  volume = {11},
    number = {2},
    year = {2026},
    keywords = {Viral load; Sleep quality; Physical activity; Stress levels; PLHIV},
    abstract = {  Background:  HIV is a global health issue, including in Indonesia and Kendari City. According to a report by the City Health Office Kota Kendari, in 2021, the prevalence of HIV was estimated to have reached 0.030% (108 cases), in 2022, it was 0.081% (290 cases), and in 2023, it reached 0.088% (321 cases). In Kendari City as of July 2025, the RSUD Kota Kendari recorded the highest number of positive HIV cases, totaling 981 cases, with 221 deaths.        Methods:  This quantitative study uses a case-control design with purposive sampling and non-matching techniques, involving 112 samples, namely 56 cases (PLHIV with detectable viral load) and 56 controls (PLHIV with undetectable viral load). Considering the comfort and privacy of people living with HIV, as well as the availability of samples, two data collection methods were used: offline and online data collection. The instruments used in this study were physical questionnaires and Google Forms monitored by the PLHIV person in charge. The analyses used in this study were univariate and bivariate analyses employing the chi-square test.   Result:  The results of the statistical test showed that sleep quality (OR = 0.797, CI = 0.372 – 1.710), physical activity (OR = 1.344, CI = 0.632 - 2.860), and stress levels (OR = 0.296, CI = 0.076 - 1.157).   Conclusion :  In this study, sleep quality, physical activity, and stress level were not significantly associated with viral load among PLHIV receiving ART. },
   issn = {2615-4854},   pages = {94--102}  doi = {10.14710/jekk.v11i2.31361},
    url = {https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/jekk/article/view/31361}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Background: HIV is a global health issue, including in Indonesia and Kendari City. According to a report by the City Health Office Kota Kendari, in 2021, the prevalence of HIV was estimated to have reached 0.030% (108 cases), in 2022, it was 0.081% (290 cases), and in 2023, it reached 0.088% (321 cases). In Kendari City as of July 2025, the RSUD Kota Kendari recorded the highest number of positive HIV cases, totaling 981 cases, with 221 deaths.

Methods: This quantitative study uses a case-control design with purposive sampling and non-matching techniques, involving 112 samples, namely 56 cases (PLHIV with detectable viral load) and 56 controls (PLHIV with undetectable viral load). Considering the comfort and privacy of people living with HIV, as well as the availability of samples, two data collection methods were used: offline and online data collection. The instruments used in this study were physical questionnaires and Google Forms monitored by the PLHIV person in charge. The analyses used in this study were univariate and bivariate analyses employing the chi-square test.

Result: The results of the statistical test showed that sleep quality (OR = 0.797, CI = 0.372 – 1.710), physical activity (OR = 1.344, CI = 0.632 - 2.860), and stress levels (OR = 0.296, CI = 0.076 - 1.157).

Conclusion : In this study, sleep quality, physical activity, and stress level were not significantly associated with viral load among PLHIV receiving ART.

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Keywords: Viral load; Sleep quality; Physical activity; Stress levels; PLHIV

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In Vol 11, No 2: Mei 2026

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