DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jekk.v8i2.18530

Distribution and Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs) Among MDRO-Positive Individuals at Dr. Kariadi Hospital

*Saidi Ntambi orcid  -  Makerere University, Uganda
Dwi Sutiningsih  -  Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Maiga Ayub Hussein  -  Islamic University in Uganda, Uganda
Budi Laksono  -  Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Received: 7 Jun 2023; Published: 31 Aug 2023.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) pose a significant challenge to healthcare facilities globally, impacting patient outcomes and healthcare costs. Understanding the distribution and prevalence of MDRO is crucial for effective infection control and prevention strategies. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and prevalence of MDROs, among MDRO-positive individuals at Dr. Kariadi Hospital.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of secondary data was conducted, encompassing a diverse range of MDROs, including ESBL, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA). The study population consisted of individuals who tested positive for MDRO within the hospital.

Results: A total of 100 MDRO-positive cases were identified during the study period. The most prevalent MDRO identified was ESBL-producing organisms, accounting for 59% of all cases. Other significant findings included the presence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and MRSA, which constituted 4% and 3% of the MDRO-positive cases, respectively. Notably, a diverse range of MDRO species, such as MRCoNS (methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci), was also detected.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the distribution and prevalence of MDRO at Dr. Kariadi Hospital. The findings underscore the urgent need for robust infection control measures and targeted interventions to mitigate the spread of MDRO. Implementing effective surveillance, promoting antibiotic stewardship, and enhancing preventive strategies are crucial for controlling MDRO infections. Future research should focus on exploring the molecular characteristics and resistance mechanisms of the identified MDRO to inform tailored prevention and treatment approaches.

 

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  Research Instrument
Ethical Clearance
Subject
Type Research Instrument
  Download (238KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: multidrug-resistant organisms; distribution; prevalence; infection control; antibiotic stewardship

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Pengaruh Kadar Gula Darah terhadap Hipertensi di RSUD Rantauprapat Defisiensi Vitamin D sebagai Salah Satu Faktor Risiko Kematian pada Pasien COVID-19: Studi Tinjauan Pustaka Hubungan Literasi Kesehatan Dengan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Rumah Tangga di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas I Tabanan, Bali More recent articles
  1. World Health Organization. 2014. Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance. Geneva: World Health Organization
  2. Magiorakos, A. P., Srinivasan, A., Carey, R. B., et al. 2012. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 18(3), 268-281
  3. Tacconelli, E., Carrara, E., Savoldi, A., et al. 2018. Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18(3), 318-327
  4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2019. Atlanta: CDC
  5. World Health Organization. 2015. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Geneva: World Health Organization
  6. CDC. 2019. Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs. Atlanta: CDC
  7. Jernigan, J. A., Hatfield, K. M., Wolford, H., et al. 2020. Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in U.S. hospitalized patients, 2012-2017. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(14), 1309-1319
  8. Chopra, I., Schofield, C., Everett, M., O'Neill, A., Miller, K., & Wilcox, M. 2008. Treatment of health-care-associated infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria: a consensus statement. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 8(2), 133-139
  9. Gupta, N., Limbago, B. M., Patel, J. B., & Kallen, A. J. 2011. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: epidemiology and prevention. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 53(1), 60-67
  10. Chambers, H. F., & DeLeo, F. R. 2009. Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 7(9), 629-641
  11. Tängdén, T., Cars, O., Melhus, A., & Löwdin, E. 2010. Foreign travel is a major risk factor for colonization with Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases: a prospective study with Swedish volunteers. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(9), 3564-3568
  12. Tacconelli, E. 2009. Antimicrobial use: risk driver of multidrug-resistant organisms in healthcare settings. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 22(4), 352-358
  13. Smith, A., Johnson, B., & Williams, C. 2020. Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant organisms in hospital settings. Journal of Hospital Infection
  14. Garcia-Quintanilla, M., Pulido, M. R., Moreno-Martinez, P., et al. 2018. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to mupirocin in Staphylococcus aureus. PLOS One, 13(11), e0208035
  15. Patel, G. 2020. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs): Epidemiology, treatment, and prevention
  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. Guidance for control of infections with carbapenem-resistant or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in acute care facilities. MMWR Recommendations and Reports
  17. World Health Organization. 2022. Global priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to guide research, discovery, and development of new antibiotics
  18. Tängdén, T., & Giske, C. G. 2015. Global dissemination of extensively drug-resistant carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: Clinical perspectives on detection, treatment and infection control. Journal of Internal Medicine, 277(5), 501-512
  19. Papp-Wallace, K. M., Endimiani, A., Taracila, M. A., & Bonomo, R. A. 2011. Carbapenems: Past, present, and future. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 55(11), 4943-4960
  20. Gaynes, R., & Edwards, J. R. 2005. Overview of nosocomial infections caused by gram-negative bacilli. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 41(6), 848-854
  21. Siegel, J. D., Rhinehart, E., Jackson, M., Chiarello, L., & Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. 2020. Guideline for isolation precautions: Preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings
  22. Tong, S. Y. C., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler, V. G. Jr. 2015. Staphylococcus aureus infections: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603-661
  23. Calfee, D. P., Salgado, C. D., Milstone, A. M., et al. 2014. Strategies to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission and infection in acute care hospitals: 2014 update. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 35(7), 772-796
  24. Becker, K., Heilmann, C., & Peters, G. 2014. Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 27(4), 870-926
  25. Timsit, J. F., Mimoz, O., Mourvillier, B., et al. 2012. Randomized controlled trial of chlorhexidine dressing and highly adhesive dressing for preventing catheter-related infections in critically ill adults. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 186(12), 1272-1278

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.