DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v8i1.23927

Ambonsche Studiefonds and Sarekat Ambon as Forums for Moluccan Nationalists to Initiate Indonesian Independence Movement

*Sem Touwe orcid  -  History Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Indonesia
Kresna Manik  -  History Education Study Program, Faculty Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia
Mohammad Amin Lasaiba orcid scopus  -  Geography Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Indonesia
Johan Pattiasina  -  History Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

This research examines the role of the Ambonsche Studiefonds and Sarekat Ambon organizations in fostering nationalism among Maluku natives and in the struggle for Indonesian independence. Using the historical method, this research explores how the Ethical Policy introduced by the Dutch East Indies government influenced the emergence of pro-independence organizations and how they played a role in mobilizing resistance to colonialism. The Ethical Policy, motivated by the Dutch' debt of honor' towards its colonies, opened up access to education for natives and indirectly encouraged national consciousness. The results show that the Ambonsche Studiefonds played a role in expanding access to education for Maluku natives, thus increasing nationalist awareness among them. In addition, Sarekat Ambon became an essential forum for resistance after the transfer of its headquarters to Surabaya, which contributed to the struggle for Indonesian independence. This research also highlights the existence of the Malukan nationalist movement despite many of its members being victims of torture by the Japanese occupation army. Their loyalty and fighting spirit ultimately contributed to Indonesia's independence in 1945. Based on the findings in the heuristic process, this research emphasizes the importance of understanding and appreciating the role of Malukan nationalists in the history of Indonesia's independence struggle. It is hoped that the results of this research can inspire the younger generation to uphold the spirit of nationalism and national unity in facing contemporary challenges.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Ambonsche Studiefonds, Sarekat Ambon, Nationalist, Independence Movement

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Inya: Wet Nurse and Succesful Regeneration of the Mataram Islamic Court Authorities in the Past Economic Space Movement: Shifting Functions of Semarang Suburban Land at the Beginning of the 21st Century Cosmopolitanism of Langsa Society during Colonial Era More recent articles
  1. Al, S., & Choiruzzad, B. (2021). Indonesia Dijajah Lebih dari 300 Tahun ? Memahami Penjajahan sebagai Proses Transformasi Struktural. Andalas Journal of International Studies, X(1), 66–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25077/ajis.10.1.66-82.2021
  2. Alfarez, S. (2022). Pengajaran Dan Perjuangan: Peran Tokoh-Tokoh Pribumi Lulusan Kweekschool Sebagai Pembangkit Nasionalisme Indonesia Abad 19. Siginjai: Jurnal Sejarah, 2(1), 28–44. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22437/js.v2i1.17656
  3. Amelia, R., Nur, P., Truvadi, L. A., & Agustina, R. T. (2023). Peran Pendidikan Pancasila dalam Membentuk Karakter Bangsa Indonesia : Tinjauan dan Implikasi. Advances in Social Humanities Research, 1(4), 501–510. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46799/adv.v1i4.54
  4. Atiqoh, A., & Sardiman, S. (2016). Perhimpunan Indonesia Sebagai Organisasi Pergerakan Indonesia Yang Revolusioner (1922-1930 ). Risalah, 2(6), 1–20
  5. Aung, S. W., & Aye, T. T. (2024). Practicalities and dichotomies of education policy and practice of higher education in the Golden Triangle Area (Southeast Asia): Implications for international development. Policy Futures in Education, 14782103241229520. https://doi.org/10.1177/14782103241229520
  6. Bottomore, T. (2006). Elites and society. Routledge
  7. Cahyani, A. D. (2023). Kebijakan Organisasi Tri Koro Dharmo Memberikan Dampak Kemajuan Pendidikan Di Indonesia. Historia Vitae, 3(2), 1–15
  8. Chaniago, J. R. (2002). Menuju Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia: Peranan Pemimpin Lokal dalam Dinamika Politik di Sulawesi Selatan dan Sumatera Timur 1950. Disertasi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Tak Diterbitkan
  9. Chauvel, R. (2008). Chapter XI: A loyal or a nationalist Ambon? In Nationalists, Soldiers and Separatists (pp. 211–232). Brill. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004253957_012
  10. Dell, M., & Olken, B. A. (2020). The Development Effects of the Extractive Colonial Economy: The Dutch Cultivation System in Java. The Review of Economic Studies, 87(1), 164–203. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdz017
  11. Dewulf, J. (2011). The Many Meanings of Freedom: The Debate on the Legitimacy of Colonialism in the Dutch Resistance, 1940–1949. Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1353/cch.2011.0002
  12. Fahmi, C. (2020). The Dutch Colonial Economic’s Policy on Natives Land Property of Indonesia. PETITA, 5, 105
  13. Habiboe, H. (1990). De politieke zee van ambon. Doctoraalscriptie geschiedenis Rijksuniversiteit Leiden
  14. Ichsan, M., Maulia, S. T., Hendra, & Salam, M. (2023). Budi Utomo : Pemantik Pergerakan Nasional. EduSosial. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 3(1), 96–106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22437/jeso.v3i1.26928
  15. Johannes, S. (2011). Indigenous education during the pre-colonial period in southern Africa. Indilinga African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge Systems, 10(1), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC61385
  16. Kamisuna, T. (2020). Beyond nationalism: Youth struggle for the Independence of East Timor and democracy for Indonesia. Indonesia, 110(1), 73–99. https://doi.org/10.1353/ind.2020.0025
  17. Kartodirdjo, S. (2014). Pengantar sejarah Indonesia baru. (No Title)
  18. Kroeze, R. (2021). Colonial Normativity? Corruption in the Dutch–Indonesian Relationship in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries BT - Corruption, Empire and Colonialism in the Modern Era: A Global Perspective (R. Kroeze, P. Dalmau, & F. Monier (eds.); pp. 173–208). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0255-9_7
  19. Leirissa, R. Z. (1975). Maluku dalam perjuangan nasional Indonesia
  20. Manusama, A. T. (1919). Krontjong als muziekinstrument, als melodie en als gezang. Kolff & Company
  21. Meer, V. Der. (2019). Igniting Change in Colonial Indonesia. Journal of World History, 30(4), 501–532
  22. Muhasabah, N., Subaryana, & Jurahman, Y. (2021). Politik Etis Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perkembangan Politik Di Hindia Belanda. RINONTJE: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Penelitian Sejarah, 2(1), 11–23
  23. Nagazumi, A. (1989). Bangkitnya Nasionalisme Indonesia. Budi Utomo 1908-1918. Pustaka Utama Grafiti
  24. Naimah, I. (2022). The Practice of Imperialism and Colonialism in Development and Their Impact on the Community Economy : An Overview. Heritage: Journal of Social Studies, 3(1), 39–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35719/hrtg.v3i1.75
  25. Naldi, H. (2006). Berita Kota Gedang: Media Pers Masyarakat Koto Gadang Dalam Masa Kolonial (1932-1939)
  26. Nanulaitta, N. (2009). Mr. Johanes Latuharhary: hasil karya dan pengabdiannya. Direktorat Nilai Sejarah
  27. Naufal, A., Budhiarta, A., Firdiani, C., Nur, D., Salsabila, A., Tsalsabila, L. T., Hasiando, M., Mulianto, R. A., & Nababan, Y. R. (2022). The History Of Indonesian Legal System In The Dutch Colonialization Era And The Impact On Its. Problematika Hukum Jounal, 8(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/ph.v8i1.5177
  28. Notosusanto, N. (2008). Sejarah nasional Indonesia: Zaman pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kerajaan-kerajaan Islam di Indonesia (Vol. 3). PT Balai Pustaka
  29. Noviningtyas, N., & Rumambo, G. (2021). The Transformation of Education in Indonesia from the Colonial Era to the Digital Era is Reviewed from a Historical Perspective. In Preprints. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0329.v1
  30. Patta, B. A. (2023). Ambtenaar Bumiputera di Kota Makassar Tahun 1906-1942= Ambtenaar Bumiputera in Makassar City in 1906-1942. Universitas Hasanuddin
  31. Pattikayhatu, J. (1993). Sejarah Daerah Maluku. Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan
  32. Pringgokusumo, H. (1989). Kedudukan Pangeran Mangkunegoro dalam Struktur Politik yang Terpecah Belah di Jawa Tengah. Surakarta: Artikel Tidak Diterbitakan, 1424
  33. Printina, B. I. (2019). Quotes Budi Utomo Sebagai Sarana Penguat Kesadaran Nasional. Jurnal Artefak, 6(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.25157/ja.v6i1.2043
  34. Puspitosari, R. (2018). Sekilas tentang Pendidikan di Praja Mangkunegaran Masa Mangkunegoro VII, 1917-1944. Mukadimah: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sejarah, Dan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 1(2), 172–178. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30743/mkd.v1i2.528
  35. Sabarudin, M. (2015). Pola dan Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam Masa Awal dan Sebelum Kemerdekaan. Tarbiyah, 1(1), 139–174. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/ph.v8i1.5177
  36. Santoso, G., Muzaqi, A., Raihan, M., & Mahesa, S. F. (2023). Dampak Positif Sumpah Pemuda pada Organisasi Besar di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Transformatif ( Jupetra ), 02(02), 194–202. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22437/jeso.v3i1.26928
  37. Setiawan, R., & Sergeev, S. A. (2023). Ethnic Mobility and the Formation of Political Identity in Indonesia . Jurnal Cita Hukum, 11(1), 75–94. https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v11i1.31571
  38. Shiraishi, T. (1997). Zaman bergerak: radikalisme rakyat di Jawa 1912-1926. Pustaka Utama Grafiti
  39. Soeharto, P., & Ihsan, A. Z. (1981). Cahaya di kegelapan. (No Title)
  40. Susilowati, Y. (2005). Peranan studiefonds Mangkunegaran dalam memberikan subsidi pendidikan bagi Sentono Praja Mangkunegaran tahun 1930–1945
  41. Syarefa, A., Bakhitah, L. R., & Septiana, S. (2024). Penanggulangan Dampak Negatif Media Sosial Dalam Prespektif Kearifan Lokal Pi’il Pesenggiri. Adaptasi. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Dan Keagamaan, 1(1), 67–87
  42. Taylor, J. G. (2012). The Makings of Indonesian Islam: Orientalism and the Narration of a Sufi Past. Asian Affairs, 43(2), 333–334. https://doi.org/10.1080/03068374.2012.682760
  43. Touwe, S., & Pusparani, R. (2013). Sejarah pendidikan di Maluku sejak masa prakolonial hingga orde baru: penjajahan, partisipasi, dan kepedulian. Direktorat Sejarah dan Nilai Budaya
  44. Tuahuns, Z. W. (2024). Studiefonds: dermasiswa untuk pendidikan Pelajar pribumi masa kolonial tahun 1900-1930. Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UIN Syarif HIdayatullah Jakarta
  45. van Niel, R. (2009). Munculnya Elit Modern Indonesia. Dunia Pustaka Jaya
  46. Widiyanta, D., & Miftahuddin. (2023). Nasionalisme Indonesia Dalam Perubahan Masa Reformasi Dan Tantangan Globalisasi. Mozaik. Kurikulum Ilmu Ejarah, 14(2), 196–208. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/mozaik.v14i2.65836
  47. Yapp, L. (2020). The future in the past: colonial modernity as urban heritage in contemporary Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 28(2), 178–198. https://doi.org/10.1080/0967828X.2020.1768801

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.