DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v1i2.1919

Radio Republik Indonesia Surakarta, 1945-1960s:
 Its Role in Efforts to Maintain Indonesian Independence and 
the Formation of National Culture

*Dhanang Respati Puguh  -  Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

This article discusses the role of Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI, The Radio of Republic of Indonesia) Surakarta in the period 1945-1960s. In that period RRI Surakarta had two roles in the context of decolonization. In the period 1945-1949, RRI Surakarta had a role in the effort to maintain the independence of Indonesia. The RRI Surakarta employees struggled to maintain the existence of RRI Surakarta with rescuing the station and transmitter so that the struggle of the Indonesian nation in defending the independence of Indonesia could be broadcasted to various parts. In the period 1950-1960s RRI Surakarta participated in efforts to the formation a national culture. When the discourse of national culture continued to be discussed by the elite of Indonesia, the Bureau of the Radio of the Republic of Indonesia had the establishment and set choice of ways to build a national culture since 1950. In this connection, RRI should be directed to build a national culture. Based on the policy of the Bureau of Radio of the Republic of Indonesia, RRI Surakarta realized that idea by organizing Javanese art broadcasts (gamelan, wayang wong, kethoprak, and shadow puppets), “local entertainment” and national music, and organizing Radio Star Competition. RRI Surakarta Radio Star made an important role in the creation of popular music in Indonesia.

 
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Radio of Republic of Indonesia; Javanese Art Broadcast; ‘Local Entertainment'; National Music

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Understanding Figure of Sunan Kudus as the Internalization of Gusjigang to Develop Entrepreneurship in the Global Competition Confirming the Existence of the Kingdom: The Efforts of Territorial Consolidation and Formation of Cultural Identity During the Reign of Hamengku Buwana I, 1755 – 1792 Mardi Goena, Krida Beksa Wirama, and Harbiranda: Skilful Hand of KRT Jayadipura in Developing and Preserving the Javanese Culture, 1920s to 1930s More recent articles
  1. Berita Radio, No. 283 Tahun XII, 29 Djuni-5 Djuli 1958
  2. Berita Radio, No. 303 Tahun XIII, 16-22 Nopember 1958
  3. Berita Radio, No. 304 Tahun XIII, 23-29 Nopember 1958
  4. Berita Radio, No. 305 Tahun XIII, 30 Nopember-6 Desember 1958
  5. Berita Radio, No. 306 Tahun XIII, 7-13 Desember 1958
  6. Berita Radio, No. 319 Tahun XIII, 8-14 Maret 1959
  7. Bogaerts, Els (2011). “‘Kemana Arah Kebudajaan Kita’ Menggagas Kembali Kebudayaan di Indonesia pada Masa Dekolonisasi”, in Jennifer Lindsay dan Maya H.T. Liem, eds., (2011). Ahli Waris Budaya Dunia: Menjadi Indonesia, 1950-1965. Denpasar - Jakarta: Pustaka Larasan dan KITLV
  8. Broadcasting Department of Ministry of Information of The Republik of Indonesia (1951). Radio Republik Indonesia: Souvenir 1951. Djakarta: Broadcasting Department of Ministry of Information of The Republik of Indonesia
  9. Darsono (2011) Cokrodiharjo dan Sunarto Cipto Suwarso: Pengrawit-pengrawit Unggulan Luar Tembok Keraton. Surakarta: Citra Etnika
  10. Departemen Penerangan (1962). Kataloges Piring Hitam Lokananta. Surakarta: P.N. Lokananta
  11. Departemen Penerangan (1965). 20 Tahun Indonesia Merdeka Jilid IX: Departemen Penerangan. Jakarta: Departemen Penerangan
  12. Djawatan Penerangan Propinsi Djawa Tengah (1953). “Konservatori Karawitan Indonesia”, in Republik Indonesia Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Semarang: Djawatan Penerangan Propinsi Djawa Tengah, 1953
  13. Djawatan Penerangan Propinsi Djawa Tengah (1953). “Pertumbuhan Penjiaran Radio di Surakarta”, in Republik Indonesia Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Semarang: Djawatan Penerangan Propinsi Djawa Tengah
  14. Effendi, Onong U. (1983). Radio Siaran Teori dan Praktek. Bandung: Alumni
  15. Hardjana, Suka (2003). Corat-coret Musik Kontemporer Dulu dan Kini. Jakarta: Ford Foundation dan Masyarakat Seni Pertunjukan Indonesia
  16. Jones, Tod (2005). Indonesian Cultural Policy, 1950-2003: Culture, Institutions, Government. Master Thesis. Curtin University of Technology Perth, ( http://adt.curtin.edu.au/theses/available/adtWCU20061128.113236/unresticted/ downloaded on 5 September 2012)
  17. Kementerian Penerangan (1953). Sejarah Radio di Indonesia. Djakarta: Djawatan Radio Republik Indonesia
  18. Lindsay, J. (1997). “Making Waves: Private Radio and Local Identities in Indonesia”. Indonesia 64 (1997)
  19. Lindsay, J. (2011). “Ahli Waris Budaya Dunia 1950-1965; Sebuah Pengantar”, in Lindsay J. dan Liem, Maya H.T. eds. (2011). Ahli Waris Budaya Dunia: Menjadi Indonesia, 1950-1965. Denpasar - Jakarta: Pustaka Larasan dan KITLV
  20. Mingguan Radio Republik Indonesia, Tahun 2 No. 50 12 Mei 1963
  21. Mloyowibagso, Sardono (1984). "Karawitan R.R.I. Surakarta", in Hari Radio ke 39: 11 September 1984. Surakarta: Radio Republik Indonesia Stasiun Surakarta
  22. Moerwanto, Sri (1984). "Wayang Orang R.R.I. Surakarta", in Hari Radio ke 39: 11 September 1984. Surakarta: Radio Republik Indonesia Stasiun Surakarta
  23. Pandjangmas, Th. I No. 10, 17 Nopember 1953
  24. Pandjangmas, Th. IV No. 2, 6 Maret 1956
  25. Pedoman Radio, No. 1 – 4, Djuni 1950
  26. Pedoman Radio, No. 5 dan 6, Djuli 1950
  27. Pemerintah Daerah Kotamadya Surakarta. (1974). Buku Kenang-kenangan Perjuangan Rakyat Surakarta dari Zaman ke Zaman. Surakarta: Pemerintah Daerah Kotamadya Surakarta
  28. Ristutiningrum, Margaretta Sri U. (1998). “Radio Republik Indonesia Surakarta pada Periode Revolusi Fisik Tahun 1945-Tahun 1950 (Tinjauan tentang Peranan Sosial Politiknya)”. Undergraduate Thesis. Diponegoro University
  29. Rusini (2003). Gathutkaca di Panggung Soekarno. Surakarta: STSI Press
  30. Sen, Krishna dan Hill, David T. (2000) Media, Culture, and Politic in Indonesia. Oxford University Press
  31. Soepanto (1994). Hizbullah Surakarta. Karanganyar: Penerbit UMS
  32. Supardi, Nunus (2007). Kongres Kebudayaan (1918-2003), revised edition. Yogyakarta: Ombak
  33. Sutton, R. Anderson (1991). Traditions of Gamelan Music in Java: Musical Pluralism and Regional Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  34. Tebyan (2006) “Wayang Orang RRI Surakarta”. Buletin Nglungsungi No. 32 April 2006. Ppublished by the Alumni of SMP Negeri 3 (State Junior High School 3) Surakarta 1950-1960 in the website address: ( http://www.geocities.com/ sinungra/smp3.htm)
  35. Wijaya, Parenta (2008). “Kehidupan Musik Keroncong Langgam Jawa di Surakarta, 1959-1994”. Undergraduate Thesis. Gadjah Mada University
  36. Wild, Colin (1986). “Pengaruh Radio dalam Perjuangan”, in Wild, Collin Ed., Gelora Api Revolusi. Jakarta: P.T. Gramedia
  37. Yampolsky, Philip (1995) “Forces for Change in Regional Performing Arts of Indonesia”, Bijdragen Toot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde, Deel 151, 4e Aflevering
  38. Yampolsky, Philip. 1987. Lokananta: A Discography of the National Recording Company of Indonesia 1957-1985. Bibliography Series, No. 10. Madison: University of Wisconsin, Center for Southeast Asian Studies

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.