Effects of Mindfulness with Gayatri Mantra on Decreasing Anxiety  in the Elderly

Sang Ayu Ketut Candrawati; Meidiana Dwidiyanti; Rita Hadi Widyastuti

doi:10.14710/hnhs.1.1.2018.35-45

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/hnhs.1.1.2018.35-45

Effects of Mindfulness with Gayatri Mantra on Decreasing Anxiety in the Elderly

*Sang Ayu Ketut Candrawati - Department of Nursing, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Meidiana Dwidiyanti - Departement of Nursing, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Rita Hadi Widyastuti - Departement of Nursing, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Citation Format:

Abstract

Background: Anxiety is one of the psychological problems which can develop in the elderly. If left untreated, it can decrease the productivity and quality of life. Mindfulness with Gayatri mantra is such a complementary therapy which is effective to reduce anxiety in the elderly.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mindfulness with Gayatri mantra on decreasing anxiety in the elderly Hindus in Bali, Indonesia.

Methods: This study employed a one group pre and posttest quasi-experimental design and involved 34 elderly people recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Anxiety was measured using the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS). A t-test statistical analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results: Results showed that there were significant effects of mindfulness with Gayatri mantra on decreasing the anxiety in the elderly Hindus in Bali with a p-value of 0.000 (α-value = 0.05).

Conclusion: Mindfulness with Gayatri mantra could decrease anxiety in the elderly Hindus. This therapy can be used as an alternative to prevent the recurrence of anxiety in the elderly.

Fulltext View|Download

Keywords: Anxiety and the elderly; mindfulness; Gayatri mantra

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Original Research Articles

Language : EN

In Vol. 1, No. 1 (2018): June

Recent articles

The Effect of Hypnotherapy using Induction Hanung Technique on the Level of Cigarette Dependence and Carbon Monoxide in Exhaled Breath among Active Smokers The Influence of Mindfulness on the Decreasing Anxiety in Nursing Students to Support Academic Learning: A Literature Review Roles of Infection Prevention and Control Nurses (IPCNs) in Preparing for Emerging Infectious Diseases More recent articles

Antariksawan, I. W. (2015). Hindu Mantram. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/hindumantras/posts/964256700285278:0
Baba, B.S.S.S. (1996). The Power And The Potency Of The Gayatri Mantra. Sri Lanka: The Sri Sathya Sai Organisation Sri Lanka (Region XV)
Balaji, D. (2017). Stress Management for Mantra Techniques. 2: 8–10. Bali, Maruti Suta Center. (2014). Ajaran Meditasi Sejati Brahma Astra [Brahma Astra’s True Meditation Teaching]. http://marutisuta.com/meditasi.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). The State of Mental Health and Aging in America. 1–12. Central Bureau of Statistics. (2015). Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia Hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional [Statistics of Elderly. Results of Social and Economic National Survey]. Jakarta
Davis, D. M., & Hayes, J. A. (2011). Practice Review What Are the Benefits of Mindfulness? A Practice Review of Psychotherapy-Related Research. Psychotherapy; Vol. 48, N. Epub ahead of print. DOI: 10.1037/a0022062
Directorate General of Learning and Student Affairs. (2016). Pendidikan Agama Hindu: Untuk Perguruan Tinggi. 1st ed. Direktorat Jenderal Pembelajaran dan Kemahasiswaan Kementerian Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi [Hindu Religious Education for Higher Education. 1st ed. Directorate General of Learning and Student Affairs of the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education]. Retrieved from http://luk.staff.ugm.ac.id/atur/mkwu/4PendidikanAgamaHindu.pdf
Erikson, E., H., (2010). Childhood and Society. 1st ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajarpustakapelajar@talkom.net. 318-320
F., Didonna. (2008). Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness. New York: Springerwww.nicabm.com. Gask, Linda & Graham, C. C. (2014). ABC of Anxiety and Depression. 1st ed. Wiley Blackwell: BMJ Bookswww.abcbookseries.com
Hawari, D. (2011). Manajemen Stres, Cemas dan Depresi. 2nd ed [Management of Stress, Anxiety and Depression]. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI
Hofmann, Stefan G., Sawyer, Alice T., Witt, Ashley A., & Oh, Diana. (2010). The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Therapy on Anxiety and Depression: A MetaAnalytic Review. J Consult Clin Psychol; Vol. 78, N. Epub ahead of print. DOI: 10.1037/a0018555
Irshad, M. K., & Chaudhry, A. G. (2015) Psychological Disorders; Old, Age, and Prevalence. 22: 1–4
Kabat-Zinn, Jon. (1990). Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness. New York: Delta Trade Paperbacks
Keshavadas, S. S. Translated by Agus S. Mantik. (2007). Gayatri, Semedhi Mahatinggi [Gayatri, The Highest Semedhi]. 4th ed. Denpasar Bali: PT Pustaka Manikgeniraditya-majalah@yahoo.com
Koszycki, D., Thake, J., et al. (2016). Preliminary Investigation of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Social Anxiety Disorder That Integrates Compassion Meditation and Mindful Exposure. J Altern Complement Med, 22: 363–374
Mahoney, T. Colin, Segal, L. Daniel, & Coolidge, L. Frederick. (2015). Anxiety Sensitivity, Experiential Avoidance, and Mindfulness Among Younger and Older Adults: Age Differences in Risk Factors for Anxiety Symptoms. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 81: 217–40
Ministry of Health of Republic of Indonesia (MHRI). (2014). Infodatin Pusat Data dan Informasi: Situasi dan Analisis Lanjut Usia [Data Resource and Information: A Situation and Analysis of the Elderly]. Jakarta
Mujahidullah, Khalid. (2012). Keperawatan Geriatrik Merawat Lansia dengan Cinta dan Kasih Sayang [Geriatric Nursing: Caring for the Elderly with Love and Affection]. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
Nursalam. (2015). Metodologi Penelitian Ilmu Keperawatan: Pendekatan Praktis. 4th ed [Research Method in Nursing: A Practical Approach]. Jakarta: Salemba Medika
Parswani, Manish J., Sharma, Mahendra P., & Iyengar, SS. (2013). Mindfulness-based stress reduction program in coronary heart disease: A randomized control trial. International journal of yoga, 6: 111–7
Safaria, T & Saputra, EN. (2012). Manajemen Emosi Sebuah Panduan Cerdas Bagaimana Mengelola Emosi Positif Dalam Hidup Anda. Edisi I [Management of Emotion: Smart Guidelines on Managing Your Positive Emotions]. Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksarainfo@bumiaksara.co.id
Segal, Daniel L., Hook, Julie, N., & Coolidge, F. L. (2001). Personality Dysfunction, Coping Styles, and Clinical Symptoms in Younger and Older Adults.7: 201– 202
Stuart W.Gail. (2005). Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing. 9th edition. St. Louis, Missouri: MOSBY Elsevier
Subandi, Lestari R. & Suprianto, T. (2013). Pengaruh Terapi Psikoreligius Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Ansietas Pada Lansia di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia Sejahtera Pandaan Pasuruan [The Effects of Psycho-religious Therapy on Reducing Anxiety Level in the Elderly Social Service in Pasuruan]. (pp.1-2)
Sundquist, Jan., et al. (2015). Mindfulness group therapy in primary care patients with depression, anxiety and stress and adjustment disorders: Randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry, 206: 128–135
Tarwoto dan Wartonah. (2008). Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia dan Proses Keperawatan [Human Basic Needs in Nursing Process]. Pertama. Jakarta: Salemba Medika
Teasdale, Jhon., Williams, Mark., & Segal Z. (2014). The Mindful Way Work Book An 8-Week Program to Free Yourself from Depression and Emotional Distress. New York: The Guilford Presswww.guilford.com
Thomas, S. & Rao, L. S. (2016). Effect of Gayatri Mantra Meditation on Meditation Naive Subjects : an EEG and fMRI Pilot Study. 3; 15-18
Tomaselli, K. A. (2014). The Effect Of Mindfulness-Based Music Listening on The Anxiety Symptoms and Awareness of Older Adults in a Senior Living FacilityMicroform Edition © ProQuest LLC
Wikipedia. (2016). Catur Ashrama [The Four Ashrama]. https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caturasrama, accessed 1 January 2016
Wolitzky-Taylor, Kate B., Castriotta, Natalie., Lenze, Eric J., Stanley, Melinda A., & Craske, Michelle G., (2010). Anxiety Disorder In Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review.; 191–194
Yusuf, A., Fitryasari, P. K, Rizky, Nihayati, & Hanik, E. (2015). Buku Ajar Keperawatan Kesehatan Jiwa [Module of Mental Health Nursing]. Jakarta: Salemba Medika http://www.penerbitsalemba.com

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.

The Copyright Transfer Agreement Form can be downloaded by click this link Copyright Transfer Agreement Form.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

1. Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
2. The author grants the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
4. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
5. The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License creative commons license used.

Journal of Holistic Nursing and Health Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License