DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/gjec.2026.31910

Study of MnO₂/Ni-MCM-41 Catalyst for CO to CO₂ Conversion in Motorcycle Exhaust Emissions under Oxidative Conditions

*Alvin Romadhoni Putra Hidayat orcid scopus  -  Department of Chemistry, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright 2026 Greensphere: Journal of Environmental Chemistry

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Abstract

Incomplete combustion in vehicles produces hazardous gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), which is harmful to human health. This study aimed to synthesize MnO₂/Ni-MCM-41 as a catalyst for CO oxidation to CO₂. MCM-41 was synthesized via a hydrothermal method, followed by Ni doping to form Ni-MCM-41 and subsequent wet impregnation to obtain MnO₂/Ni-MCM-41. The materials were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM, and N₂ physisorption, while catalytic activity for CO oxidation was evaluated using a four-stroke motorcycle. FTIR spectra showed a band at 1633.76 cm⁻¹ attributed to –OH vibrations corresponding to Si–OH groups in MCM-41, whereas XRD patterns exhibited characteristic peaks at 2θ = 2.5° for MCM-41 and 2θ = 25° for δ-MnO₂. TEM analysis confirmed the hexagonal mesostructure of MCM-41, consistent with previous reports, while N₂ physisorption revealed a type IV isotherm, indicating a mesoporous structure. Ni incorporation decreased the specific surface area but enhanced the number of active sites. Increasing reaction time reduced CO concentration, while CO₂ concentration increased correspondingly. The optimum catalytic performance was obtained for MnO₂/Ni-MCM-41 with an impregnation time of 10 h.

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Keywords: CO Oxidation, Catalyst, Ni-MCM-41, Catalytic Converter, MnO2
Funding: Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia through the Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa – Penelitian Eksakta (PKM-PE) 2019.

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