DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/gjec.2025.26790

Pemetaan Bibliometrik (2020-2024) Senyawa Bioaktif Makroalga Laut sebagai Agen Antioksidan Terhadap Toksisitas Lingkungan

*Puspa Hening orcid scopus  -  Biotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais, Tembalang Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, 50275, Indonesia
Ifhan Dwinhoven orcid scopus  -  Fish Hatchery Technology Study Program, Department of Aquaculture, Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agriculture, Indonesia, Indonesia
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Abstract

Makroalga laut adalah sumber metabolit sekunder dengan potensi sebagai antioksidan alami dan agen protektif terhadap toksisitas lingkungan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tren dan fokus riset global mengenai senyawa bioaktif dari makroalga laut melalui pendekatan bibliometrik. Data publikasi dikumpulkan dari basis data Scopus untuk periode 2020–2024 menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci yang relevan dan dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer dan Publish or Perish. Sebanyak 81 artikel terpilih dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi tren publikasi, distribusi negara dan institusi, jurnal yang paling berkontribusi, serta visualisasi kata kunci dan klaster tematik. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan tren publikasi dalam lima tahun terakhir, dengan fokus utama pada aktivitas antioksidan, stres oksidatif, dan toksisitas lingkungan. Kata kunci seperti seaweed, antioxidant activity, dan oxidative stress merupakan istilah yang paling dominan. Senyawa seperti alginate, phloroglucinol, phlorotannins, asam lemak, serta fenolik diidentifikasi sebagai komponen bioaktif utama yang menunjukkan potensi tinggi dalam melindungi sel dari stres oksidatif akibat paparan polutan lingkungan. Selain itu, metode analisis seperti 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) dan parameter enzimatik seperti superoxide dismutase (SOD) juga sering digunakan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas biologis senyawa bioaktif makroalga laut. Pemetaan ini tidak hanya menegaskan relevansi makroalga dalam bidang kimia lingkungan, tetapi juga membuka peluang riset lanjutan seperti pengembangan sistem biosensor, aplikasi bioremediasi, serta eksplorasi senyawa baru dari makroalga lokal. Hasil studi ini diharapkan menjadi dasar ilmiah bagi pengembangan riset berkelanjutan berbasis sumber daya laut.

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Keywords: antioksidan; bibliometrik; makroalga laut; senyawa bioaktif; toksisitas lingkungan.
Funding: Universitas Diponegoro

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