DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.1.1.2026.%25p

Asam Humat sebagai Pembenah Tanah Unggul dalam Peningkatan Ketahanan Kekeringan dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Kacang Hijau pada Tanah Pasir

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro ,Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2026 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

Tanah pasir memiliki kemampuan menahan air dan hara yang rendah sehingga membatasi pertumbuhan kacang hijau pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kompos dan asam humat terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif kacang hijau pada tanah pasir dengan dua tingkat kapasitas lapang. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu aplikasi jenis pembenah tanah pada media pasir, yaitu: pasir, pasir-kompos, dan pasir-asam humat, serta tingkat cekaman kekeringan 80% dan 50% kapasitas lapang, masing-masing dengan lima ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air media, kadar air relatif daun, panjang akar, jumlah bintil akar, pertumbuhan tajuk, kandungan pigmen fotosintesis, dan biomassa kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompos meningkatkan kadar air media, tetapi tidak selalu diikuti peningkatan status air dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Sebaliknya, asam humat meningkatkan kadar air relatif daun, panjang akar, jumlah bintil akar, kandungan klorofil dan karotenoid, serta biomassa tanaman. Perlakuan asam humat pada 80% kapasitas lapang secara umum menghasilkan pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik. Dengan demikian, asam humat lebih efektif dibandingkan kompos sebagai pembenah tanah untuk mendukung pertumbuhan kacang hijau pada tanah pasir di bawah cekaman kekeringan.


Sandy soil has low water- and nutrient-holding capacity, thereby limiting mung bean growth under drought stress. This study aimed to analyze the effects of compost and humic acid on the vegetative growth of mung bean grown in sandy soil under two field capacity levels. The experiment used a factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors: the application of different soil amendments to sandy media, namely sand, sand-compost, and sand-humic acid, and drought stress levels of 80% and 50% field capacity, each with five replications. The observed parameters included soil water content, leaf relative water content, root length, number of root nodules, shoot growth, photosynthetic pigment content, and dry biomass. The results showed that compost increased soil water content, but this was not always followed by improved plant water status and growth. In contrast, humic acid increased leaf relative water content, root length, number of root nodules, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and plant biomass. Humic acid treatment at 80% field capacity generally produced the best vegetative growth. Therefore, humic acid was more effective than compost as a soil amendment to support mung bean growth in sandy soil under drought stress.

 

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Keywords: asam humat; cekaman kekeringan; kacang hijau; kompos; tanah pasir
Funding: Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Diponegoro under contract 4890/UN7.5.8/PP/2019

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