DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.11.2.2026.%25p

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekoenzim terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kadar Cr⁶⁺ pada Tagetes erecta L. di Bawah Cekaman Kromium Heksavalen

Fakultas Biologi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Jalan Diponegoro 52-60, Salatiga, Kec. Sidorejo, Kota Salatiga, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2026 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Kontaminasi tanah oleh kromium heksavalen (Cr⁶⁺) merupakan salah satu permasalahan lingkungan yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Fitoremediasi menggunakan Tagetes erecta L. berpotensi untuk mengurangi dampak kontaminasi Cr⁶⁺, sedangkan ekoenzim dapat digunakan sebagai perlakuan tambahan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi ekoenzim terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar Cr⁶⁺ pada T. erecta di bawah cekaman Cr⁶⁺. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima konsentrasi ekoenzim, yaitu 0%, 0,5%, 1,0%, 1,5%, dan 2,0%, dengan lima ulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah bunga, panjang akar, kadar klorofil, serta kadar Cr⁶⁺ pada akar dan daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan ekoenzim 1,0% menghasilkan respons pertumbuhan tertinggi pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan panjang akar. Perlakuan ekoenzim 2,0% menghasilkan kadar Cr⁶⁺ tertinggi pada akar, sedangkan kadar Cr⁶⁺ pada daun cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan beberapa perlakuan lainnya. Pemberian ekoenzim juga menghasilkan respons yang berbeda pada parameter klorofil sehingga pengaruhnya perlu diinterpretasikan berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik pada masing-masing parameter. Secara keseluruhan, konsentrasi ekoenzim 1,0% lebih mendukung pertumbuhan T. erecta, sedangkan konsentrasi 2,0% cenderung meningkatkan retensi Cr⁶⁺ pada akar meskipun pertumbuhan tanaman menurun.

  

Soil contamination by hexavalent chromium (Cr⁶⁺) is an environmental problem that can adversely affect plant growth. Phytoremediation using Tagetes erecta L. has potential for mitigating the effects of Cr⁶⁺ contamination, while ecoenzyme may be used as a supplementary treatment to support plant growth. This study aimed to analyze the effect of ecoenzyme concentration on the growth and Cr⁶⁺ content of T. erecta under Cr⁶⁺ stress. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five ecoenzyme concentrations, namely 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%, with five replicates for each treatment. The parameters observed included plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers, root length, chlorophyll content, and Cr⁶⁺ content in the roots and leaves. The results showed that the 1.0% ecoenzyme treatment produced the highest growth responses in terms of plant height, number of leaves, and root length. The 2.0% ecoenzyme treatment resulted in the highest Cr⁶⁺ content in the roots, while Cr⁶⁺ content in the leaves tended to be lower than in several other treatments. Ecoenzyme application also resulted in different responses in chlorophyll parameters; therefore, its effect should be interpreted based on the statistical analysis of each parameter. Overall, a 1.0% ecoenzyme concentration better supported the growth of T. erecta, whereas the 2.0% concentration tended to increase Cr⁶⁺ retention in the roots, although plant growth was reduced.

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Keywords: ekoenzim; Tagetes erecta; Cr⁶⁺; kromium heksavalen; fitoremediasi

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