DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/baf.1.1.2026.%25p

Pengaruh Air Kelapa Pada Media MS Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tunas Dari Eksplan Cormus Saffron (Crocus Sativus L.) Secara In vitro

Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas sains dan Mathematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Jacob Rais, Tembalang, Semarang, 50275 Indonesia, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2026 Buletin Anatomi dan Fisiologi

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Abstract

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) merupakan tumbuhan steril dengan kromosom triploid, sehingga perbanyakan secara generatif tidak dapat dilakukan. Metode kultur jaringan menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk membudidayakan saffron. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji pengaruh air kelapa pada media MS terhadap pertumbuhan tunas eksplan cormus Saffron  dan mengetahui konsentrasi air kelapa yang optimum sehingga meningkatan pertumbuhan tunas Saffron. Metode yaitu penanaman eksplan cormus Saffron  ke dalam media MS yang ditambah air kelapa pada konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan faktor tunggal (konsentrasi air kelapa) dengan 4 ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT. Pertumbuhan eksplan diamati selama 8 minggu. Parameter yang diamati yaitu waktu muncul tunas, akar, dan daun; jumlah tunas, akar, dan daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan air kelapa tidak menginisiasi pertumbuhan akar, tunas, dan daun cormus saffron. Air kelapa dengan konsentrasi 0% - 20% tidak menstimulasi pertumbuhan akar, tunas, dan daun cormus saffron. Air kelapa belum mampu memecahkan dormansi cormus saffron.


Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a sterile plant with triploid chromosomes, making generative propagation unfeasible. Tissue culture offers an alternative method for saffron cultivation. This research aimed to investigate the impact of coconut water in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium on the growth of saffron corm explant shoots and to identify the optimal coconut water concentration for enhancing saffron shoot growth. The experiment involved planting saffron corm explants in MS medium supplemented with coconut water at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. A completely randomized design with a single factor (coconut water concentration) and four replications was employed. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Explant growth was monitored over an 8-week period, with observations focusing on the timing of shoot, root, and leaf emergence, as well as the number of shoots, roots, and leaves. The results indicated that the addition of coconut water did not initiate the growth of saffron corm roots, shoots, or leaves. Coconut water at concentrations ranging from 0% to 20% did not stimulate the growth of saffron corm roots, shoots, or leaves, and it was unable to break the dormancy of saffron corms.

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Keywords: hormon alami; kultur jaringan; saffron; triploid

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