Pemetaan Leksikon Bahasa Jawa di Wilayah Perbatasan Kabupaten Boyolali:  Kajian Dialektologi

Alya Widiastya; Suharyo Suharyo

doi:10.14710/wjsbb.2026.27046

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/wjsbb.2026.27046

Pemetaan Leksikon Bahasa Jawa di Wilayah Perbatasan Kabupaten Boyolali: Kajian Dialektologi

Alya Widiastya¹ , Suharyo Suharyo²

¹Jurusan S1 Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia

²Department of Indonesian Literature, Diponegoro University, Jl. Dr. Antonius Suroyo, Tembalang, Tembalang District, Semarang City, Central Java 50275, Indonesia

Received: 19 May 2025; Accepted: 1 Apr 2026; Published: 30 Apr 2026.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan variasi leksikon bahasa Jawa di wilayah perbatasan Kabupaten Boyolali serta memetakan persebaran varian leksikonnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa metode cakap (pancing, bertemu muka, rekam) dan metode simak (libat cakap dan bebas libat cakap). Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode padan dan teknik triangulasi, serta pendekatan dialektologi dibantu aplikasi GIS untuk pemetaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 103 leksikon dengan variasi dua hingga empat bentuk yang tersebar membentuk klaster berdasarkan letak geografis dan pengaruh dialek sekitar seperti Semarang, Grobogan, Surakarta, dan Magelang. Selain bentuk umum dari bahasa Jawa standar, ditemukan bentuk khas lokal seperti bəndɔk, tracak, jagUŋ ənəm, dan pɛh. Wilayah TP 1–6 dipengaruhi dialek Semarangan dan Grobogan, TP 7–9 cenderung urban modern, sementara TP 10–12 mempertahankan leksikon lokal pegunungan Merapi-Merbabu. Garis isoglos dalam peta menunjukkan zona transisi bahasa, dengan garis tebal pada wilayah berleksikon tajam berbeda dan garis tipis pada wilayah yang leksikonnya homogen.

Kata kunci: dialektologi, variasi leksikon, bahasa Jawa, peta isoglos

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In Vol 5, No 1: April 2026

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