Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region
Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region (JPH-TCR, e-ISSN: 2597-4378) is an online journal, published by Faculty of Public Health Universitas Diponegoro to communicate research results related to health promotion, environmental health, public health nutrition, health policy and administration, biostatistics, epidemiology, sexual and reproductive health, and occupational health and safety. In March 2022, the Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region was accredited SINTA-4, and In 2025, JPHTCR was accredited SINTA-3 based on the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Number 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 from Volume 7 Number 1 (2024) until Volume 11 Number 2 (2028) Publication schedule: April, August, and December | more info Language: English APC: Free (publishing) | more info Publisher: Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro University Indonesia in cooperation with The Indonesian Public Health Association and The Indonesian Public Health Nutrition Association
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
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Determinants of Menstrual Hygiene Management among Secondary School Students in Ibadan, Nigeria
Introduction: Menstrual hygiene affects the health, dignity, and education of adolescent girls. More than three-fourths of Nigerian adolescents face sociocultural, economic, and infrastructural barriers that limit proper menstrual hygiene management. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 adolescent girls selected from public and private secondary schools in Ibadan, using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire which assessed respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to menstrual hygiene. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with chi-square tests, and the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Result: The mean age of respondents was 15.3±1.4 years. In all, 40.4% displayed good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene, while 59.6% had poor knowledge. Attitudes were mixed: 51.8% demonstrated positive attitudes toward menstrual hygiene, whereas 48.2% showed negative attitudes. Menstrual hygiene practices were better, with 72.1% reporting good practices, including regular pad use (92.1%) and access to handwashing water (94.6%). However, 36.4% resorted to cloth materials when pads were unavailable, and 72.5% had no access to private changing spaces at school. Significant associations were found between attitude and practice of menstrual hygiene (p=0.032). Conclusion: While menstrual hygiene practices among adolescents in Ibadan were relatively good, knowledge gaps and negative attitudes remain substantial. Strengthening school-based menstrual hygiene education, improving WASH facilities are essential to enhancing adolescent girls’ health and school participation.
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Physical Environment and Its Influence on Asthenopia: A Cross-Sectional Study among Batik Artisans in Klaten Regency, Indonesia
Introduction: Asthenopia, or eye strain, is a prevalent issue among batik artisans in Klaten Regency, Indonesia, due to the visually demanding nature of their work and potentially suboptimal working conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the influence of physical environmental factors, specifically lighting intensity, temperature, and humidity, on the occurrence of asthenopia symptoms among 155 female batik artisans. Data were collected through interviews using the Visual Fatigue Index questionnaire and environmental measurements. Results: Most participants (65.8%) experienced asthenopia symptoms, with an average score of 0.47 (SD ±0.15). The most common symptoms included watery eyes, stinging sensations, gritty feelings, difficulty focusing, and heavy sensations in the eyes. Spearman's rank correlation revealed a statistically significant association between ambient temperature and asthenopia complaints (p = 0.009), while no significant correlations were found for lighting intensity (p = 0.799) and humidity (p = 0.742). The average workplace temperature was 28.61°C (SD ±1.04), exceeding the recommended comfort range of 23–26°C. Although 81.9% of participants worked under lighting levels below the recommended 300 lx, this factor was not significantly associated with asthenopia. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of improving thermal comfort in traditional batik workplaces to reduce visual strain among artisans. Further research employing longitudinal and objective methodologies is recommended to better understand the complex interplay between environmental and individual factors contributing to asthenopia in this population.
Factors Influencing Food Handlers' Knowledge and Hygiene Behavior at Street Food Vendors in East Surabaya: A Cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Street food vendors play a significant role in providing ready-to-eat food in urban areas, including East Surabaya, which has hundreds of street food outlets. However, issues related to hygiene and sanitation practices among food vendors remain a significant challenge. This study aimed to examine the factors influencing the knowledge and hygiene practices of food handlers among street vendors in East Surabaya. Methods: This observational study used a cross-sectional approach and included 86 food handlers. Samples were selected using a purposive sampling technique with predetermined inclusion (location, age, willingness, and work period) and exclusion criteria (not active, health condition). Data were collected using a structured questionnaires. The independent variables were age, gender, and education, and the dependent variables were knowledge and behavior. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, and the Spearman test was used for ordinal data analysis. Results: The results showed that 68.6% of respondents exhibited inadequate hygiene behavior, a proportion that was particularly prominent among those aged ≤ 30 years (77.8%), males (83.3%), and high school graduates (79.3%). Respondents' knowledge varied by age, gender, and education. Strong knowledge was more prevalent among female respondents and those with higher levels of education. Significant relationships were identified between sex and education level with knowledge (p = 0.000 and p = 0.005), as well as between sex and hygiene behavior (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Female gender was the determinant for better knowledge and hygiene behavior, while higher education was the determinant of knowledge of food handlers. This indicates the need for more targeted educational interventions to improve hygiene practices among informal food handlers.
Association between Sulfur-dioxide and Nitrogen-dioxide levels with Acute Respiratory Infections during Covid-19 Pandemic in Cilacap Regency
Introduction: Restrictions on human mobility and industrial activities during the COVID-19 pandemic temporarily improved air quality in many regions, including Indonesia. Cilacap Regency, an industrial area with high traffic density, provides a relevant setting to examine the relationship between air pollutants and respiratory health outcomes. Methods: This ecological time-series study used secondary data from 2019–2022 obtained from the Cilacap Environmental Bureau and Health Office. The study analyzed trends in sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) concentrations and their association with Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) incidence using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations declined during the mobility restriction period in 2020 and increased again in 2021–2022. Similarly, ARI cases decreased in 2020 and rose to 147,198 cases in 2022. Pearson correlation analysis showed no statistically significant association between pollutant levels and ARI incidence (p = 0.458). Conclusion: The findings suggest that SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations were not significantly associated with ARI incidence during the study period. However, limited monitoring frequency and the absence of other key pollutants may have affected the results. Improved air quality monitoring and inclusion of additional environmental variables are recommended to better understand the relationship between air pollution and respiratory health.
Employment Status, Visual Impairment, and Health Insurance Status as Predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders Among Tuberculosis Patients: A Community-Based Study
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health concern with substantial physical and psychological effects on patients. Studies have shown that the prevalence of depression is higher among patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB)-TB than among non-MDR-TB patients and among females than among males. These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health issues in patients with TB. This study aimed to analyze the predictors of Common Mental Health Disorders (CMHD) among patients with TB in Indonesia. Methods: Data were derived from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI 2023). A subsample of 830 patients with active TB and complete data was analyzed. The variables included sex, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, health insurance ownership, other infectious diseases, history of chronic diseases, visual impairment, hearing impairment, smoking status, engagement in vigorous physical activity, residential classification, primary household drinking water source, and home ownership status. CMHD status was assessed using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The analyses were performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression models. Results: The CMHD prevalence was 7.3%. Unemployment (OR=3.074; 95% CI: 1.791–5.274; p<0.001), lack of health insurance, and visual impairment (OR=2.456; 95% CI: 1.430–4.220; p=0.001) were significant predictors, whereas ownership of subsidized (OR=0.343; 95% CI: 0.140–0.837; p=0.019) and non-subsidized or private insurance (OR=0.402; 95% CI: 0.225–0.718; p=0.002) were protective. Conclusion: Routine mental health screening and socioeconomic support should be integrated into TB control programs.
The Role of Green Spaces in Supporting Physical Activity and Functional Rehabilitation in Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Introduction: Healthcare systems are under increasing strain owing to the rapid growth of the global aging population, underscoring the urgent need for environments that support healthy aging. Green open spaces (GOS) are increasingly recognized as vital infrastructure capable of mitigating age-related functional decline. Methods: This scoping review systematically synthesized evidence on the impact of green open spaces (GOS) in promoting physical activity (PA) and supporting functional rehabilitation among older adults. Guided by the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, a structured search was conducted across the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Of the records initially identified, ten articles published between 2015 and 2025 were included in the final synthesis. Results: The findings indicate that green open spaces (GOS) support four primary dimensions of rehabilitation: physical (38%), psychological (31%), social (25%), and spiritual (6%). Furthermore, the influence of GOS design on physical activity (PA) can be categorized into gentle, simple movements (40%), moderate-intensity exercises (30%), and nature-integrated therapeutic activities (30%). Conclusion: Optimizing the benefits of green open spaces (GOS) for older adults requires attention to modifiable design features, universal accessibility (e.g., even terrain and adequate seating), and adaptation to local climatic and social contexts.
Analysis of Coffee Consumption Motives on Coffee Drinking Habits among Workers
Introduction: Coffee is a popular beverage among the public; however, excessive consumption can have negative effects. A preliminary survey showed that six out of ten respondents (60%) had poor coffee consumption. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with coffee consumption at X Company in 2025. Methods: This study was conducted from May to June 2025. A cross-sectional study design was employed with a total sample of 68 participants. The dependent variable was coffee consumption, and the independent variables were habit, mood, alertness, social, symptom management, and taste. The sampling technique used was total sampling method. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with chi-square tests. Results: Data analysis revealed that 79.4% of workers had poor coffee consumption. Further analysis revealed factors that influence it, including habit (PR=1.47, 95% CI=0.9-2.21), mood (PR=1.38, 95% CI=1.0-1.88), alertness (PR=1.41, 95% CI=0.9-2.00), social (PR=1.38, 95% CI=1.00-1.88), symptom management (PR=1.69, 95% CI= 0.9-3.17), and taste (PR=1.58, 95% CI=1.03-2.42). Conclusion: Habit, mood, alertness, social factors, symptom management, and taste were associated with coffee consumption among workers at Company X. It is recommended that workers reduce their daily coffee consumption and limit sugar use when drinking coffee to minimize the long-term effects of excessive coffee consumption on health of workers.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Service Program in Sidoarjo Regency: Development, Achievements and Challenges
Introduction: HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an additional prevention method for HIV transmission. Sidoarjo Regency, one of the pilot areas for HIV PrEP services in Indonesia, has been providing HIV PrEP services since 2022. In 2022 and 2023, the Sidoarjo Regency did not achieve the targets set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the implementation of the PrEP program in Sidoarjo Regency. Methods: This evaluation used a descriptive design. The indicators included (1) coverage of HIV-negative individuals among key populations, (2) PrEP initiation coverage, and (3) PrEP uptake coverage. Data were obtained from the National PrEP Information System and in-depth interviews with the program managers. The evaluation also examined input components, including the availability of human resources, funding, and facilities, as well as process components related to service implementation, supervision, and the mechanisms of service delivery. Results: The expansion of PrEP services was conducted by increasing the number of service sites from four in 2022 to 15 in 2024. In addition, PrEP services have been integrated with mobile VCT and community-based referrals. PrEP uptake among key populations has also been studied; however, national initiation targets were achieved only among MSM in 2024. Conclusion: HIV PrEP services must be expanded to provide more options for at-risk individuals. Moreover, the integration of PrEP administration during mobile VCT makes it easier for targets who have no access to health services that provide PrEP
Analysis of e-keluhan: a Complaint Management System at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital
Introduction: The Dr Kariadi General Hospital E-Complaint Management System manages public complaints but is still constrained by the distribution and presentation of data and the lack of public participation. This study aimed to analyze the E-Complaint Management System of Dr. Kariadi General Hospital using the Delone and McLean model. Methods: This research used a descriptive qualitative method to select subjects through purposive sampling. The variables in this study were information quality, system quality, service quality, usage, and user satisfaction. The research was conducted from December 2023-June to 2024. Results: The results showed that the E-Complaint management system of Dr Kariadi has the quality of information that is easy to understand, personal, relevant, and has good security. However, there are still findings of the reporter's identity and incomplete reports. The quality system has good adaptability, reliability, and usability but needs improvement in systems that have not been integrated, Wi-Fi networks, and handling speed. Service quality has reasonable assurance and empathy but lacks responsiveness. The use of the E-Complaint system has a good nature of use, navigation patterns, and number of complaints entered, but there is a discrepancy in the number of complaints resolved. Conclusion: The E-Complaint management system successfully provides user satisfaction. This study shows that information, system, and service quality are related to the use and satisfaction of e-complaint system users. In addition, usage and satisfaction are interrelated as cause and effect.
Nutritional Status and Clean Healthy Lifestyle Behavior of Santri in Islamic Boarding Schools in West Sulawesi
Introduction:Islamic boarding schools, as residential educational institutions, face challenges in maintaining the health and nutritional status of students (santri), particularly concerning Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB). Santri living in densely populated environments with limited sanitation facilities are vulnerable to health issues. This study aimed to provide an overview of the nutritional status and CHLB implementation in Islamic boarding schools in West Sulawesi. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2024 among 260 santri from three Islamic boarding schools in West Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sample size was determined using the Lemeshow formula and randomly selected from the population. Data were collected through structured interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistical tests. Results: The results showed that 81.2% of the santri had a normal nutritional status, while 6.5% were undernourished, 8.8% were overweight, and 3.5% were obese. Bathing twice a day had the highest compliance rate (mean 4.75), while not sharing personal items had the lowest compliance rate (mean 2.96). Conclusion: Although most santri have a normal nutritional status, some groups still experience undernutrition, obesity, and risky health behaviors. Continuous interventions in the form of nutrition education and CHLB improvement programs are necessary to raise awareness and promote healthy behaviors in Islamic boarding schools.