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Family Vulnerability and Children’ Nutritional Status during COVID-19 Pandemic

*Andi Mukramin Yusuf  -  Nutrition Study Program, Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Jakarta|Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Indonesia
Dhihram Tenrisau  -  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok|Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Healthy Hidayanti  -  Public Health Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar|Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia
Abdul Haris Ibrahim  -  School of Information and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, United States|University of Michigan, United States
Ardiansyah Bahar  -  Health Development and Policy Institute (LK2PK), Indonesia|Health Development and Policy Institute (LK2PK), Indonesia
Sarifudin Sarifudin  -  Health Development and Policy Institute (LK2PK), Indonesia|Health Development and Policy Institute (LK2PK), Indonesia
Yoesrianto Tahir  -  Health Development and Policy Institute (LK2PK), Indonesia|Health Development and Policy Institute (LK2PK), Indonesia
Adhyanti Adhyanti  -  Health Polytechnic of Palu, Palu, Indonesia|Health Polytechnic of Palu, Indonesia
Elma Alfiah  -  Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Jakarta|Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region

Citation Format:
Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 infected millions of people and became the main mortality worldwide. COVID-19 also affected other health problems, including nutritional problems. This study aimed to find the factors that affected the nutritional and socio-economic status during the COVID-19 pandemic in a neighborhood of DKI Jakarta.

Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional design. Total sampling method on all families who had children in the 9th Neighborhood, Cawang Sub-District, DKI Jakarta was used. A total of 72 families were involved in this study, and the informants of this study were mothers of under five children. This study utilized a modified questionnaire from the Indonesian National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) and the Indonesian Nutritional Status Study (SSGI). This study utilized bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: From all of 72 families with children, it was found that eight children were wasting. The Job-Loss (PHK) has an OR of 37.8 (95%CI: 5.87-748.53; p=0.001), while below poverty line had an OR of 14.24 (95%CI: 3.55-170.35; p=0.004) to be wasted. The multivariate analysis had included covariates such as parental occupation, parental education, and antenatal care (ANC). Job-Loss and Below Poverty Line were the main factors in increasing the risk of malnutrition cases after controlled by covariates.

Conclusion: The decrease in socio-economic status of a family during the pandemic, increased the risk of wasted children. Improvements in policy interventions and socio-economic aids are necessary to improve the nutritional status of under five children in the lower-middle class during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Keywords: COVID-19; job loss; nutritional status; nutrition; poverty line; wasting

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