Efektivitas biokompos dan mikroba konsorsia pendegradasi residu insektisida klorpirifos pada pertanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum l.)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The object of this research was to study the effectiveness of biocompos and consortium microbes on the decrease of residual chlorpyrifos insecticide at onion corp. The research was conducted on 11^th September to 30^th December 2017 at Screen house, Integrated Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Research Center in Pati, and Laboratory Residues of Agrochemical materials in Bogor. The study was compiled with a complete randomized factorial design 2 x 3 and reapeted 4 times. The first factor of biocompos with 2 level of treatment that wasD1 = compost, and D2 = biocompos. The second factor of consortium microbes with 3 level of treatment that was L0 = urea prill, L1 = urea prill enveloped in biochar, and L2 = urea prill enveloped in biochar enriched consortium microbes. The results showed that the treatment of biocompos and consortium microbes significantly affected to the total of leaf, plant weight, the percentage of residual decrease in the soil, and the residual of onion bulbs, and no significant effect on the parameter plant height, the initial residual concentration on the soil, and the final residue concentration on the soil. The use of biocompos with the addition of urea prill enveloped in biochar and consortium microbes, it can decrease residuechlorpyrifos of insecticides on soil and onion bulbs.

Keywords: onion, biocompos, consortium microbes, chlorpyrifos

ABSTRAK

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas biokompos dan mikroba konsorsia terhadap penurunan residu insektisida klorpirifos pada pertanaman bawang merah. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 11 September – 30 Desember 2017 di Rumah Kasa, Laboratorium Terpadu Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian Pati, serta Laboratorium Residu Bahan Agrokimia Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 2 x 3 dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Faktor pertama biokompos dengan 2 taraf perlakuan yaitu D1= kompos dan D2= biokompos. Faktor kedua mikroba konsorsia dengan 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu L0= urea prill, L1= urea prill diselimuti biochar, dan L2= urea prill diselimuti biochar diperkaya mikroba konsorsia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perlakuan pupuk dan pelapisan urea berpengaruh nyata pada parameter jumlah daun, berat tanaman, persentase penurunan residu pada tanah, dan residu umbi bawang merah, serta tidak berpengaruh nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman, konsentrasi residu awal pada tanah, dan konsentrasi residu akhir pada tanah. Penggunaan biokompos dengan penambahan urea prill diselimuti biochar dan mikroba konsorsia secara bersama-sama dapat menurunkan residu insektisida klorpirifos pada tanah dan umbi bawang merah.

Kata kunci: bawang merah, biokompos, mikroba konsorsia, klorpirifos