Heritage Preservation of the Pulau Sawah Temple Complex in Dharmasraya Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

Before 1990, the Pulau Sawah Temple Complex in Dharmasraya Regency, a significant Buddhist legacy of the Dharmasraya Malay Kingdom with ties to Javanese realms like Singasari, suffered from severe neglect. This was primarily due to limited government involvement, minimal coordination between central and local institutions, and a lack of public awareness regarding its rich historical value. A turning point occurred with the establishment of the Sanctuary for Antiquities and Heritage (SPSP Sumbar) in 1990. This institution spearheaded comprehensive research, surveys, and consistent preservation efforts, encompassing protection, development, and promotion of the site. This study presents three main findings: the profound cultural significance of Pulau Sawah as heritage; the crucial collaboration fostered by SPSP (now BPK III West Sumatra) between central and local governments and the Siguntur community; and the positive outcomes of this cooperation in site preservation. As a model of Cultural Resource Management (CRM), SPSP successfully cultivated a sense of ownership among all stakeholders. Working alongside national and regional agencies, and with the active participation of local residents, they implemented vital conservation measures including zoning, restoration, maintenance, and site development. As a direct result, from 1990 to 2022, the Pulau Sawah Temple Complex has not only been effectively preserved but continues to serve as an educational and inspirational resource for future generations.