DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.3.8228.631-640

Copper Ferrite Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Cross-coupling Reaction to Form Diindolylmethane (DIM): Effect of Experimental Parameters

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam

2Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam

3NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam

4 Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam

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Received: 22 Jun 2020; Revised: 23 Jul 2020; Accepted: 31 Jul 2020; Available online: 13 Aug 2020; Published: 28 Dec 2020.
Editor(s): Hadi Nur
Open Access Copyright (c) 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Superparamagnetic copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles were utilized as a heterogenous catalyst for the cross-coupling reaction of indole to form 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM) as the desirable product. High reaction yield, at around 82%, was achieved under optimal conditions. The CuFe2O4 material could be easily separated from the reaction mixture by an external magnetic field and could be reutilized several times without a significant decrease in catalytic activity. We also showed that no sites of catalyst material leached into reaction solution was detected. To our best knowledge, the above cross-coupling reaction was not previously conducted under catalysis of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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Keywords: CuFe2O4; superparamagnetic nanoparticles; heterogeneous catalyst; cross-coupling reaction; 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM)
Funding: Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology

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Section: Original Research Articles
Language : EN
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