The Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Polyethersulfone (PES) as A Matrix in Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B (Cal-B)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.3.774.343-350
Copyright (c) 2017 Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Cover Image

Article Metrics: (Click on the Metric tab below to see the detail)

Article Info
Submitted: 15-11-2016
Published: 28-10-2017
Section: The 2nd International Seminar on Chemistry (ISoC 2016) (Surabaya, 26-27 July 2016)
In 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (SCOPUS and Web of Science Indexed, December 2017)
Fulltext PDF Tell your colleagues Email the author

Candida antarctica lipase B (Cal-B) has been widely used in the hydrolysis reaction. However, it has some weaknesses, such as: forming of the heavy emulsion during the process, which is difficult to resolve and has no reusability. Therefore, it needs to be immobilized into a suitable matrix. One of the suitable supporting materials is polyethersulfone (PES) and its synthesis becames the objective of this paper. The PES was synthesized via a polycondensation reaction between hydroquinone and 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfonein N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent using Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) method at170 °C for 66 minutes using an irradiation power of 300 watt. The synthesized PES was characterized by FTIR and 1H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6). Then the PES membrane was prepared from 20 % of the optimized mixtures of PES, PSf (polysulfone), and PEG (polyethylene glycol) dissolved in 80 % NMP.  The Cal-B was immobilized on the PES membrane by mixing it in a shaker at 30 °C and 100 rpm for 24 h using phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The identification of the immobilized Cal-B was done by using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and SEM micrographs. The results of Lowry assay showed that the ‘Cal-B immobilized’ blended-membrane has a loading capacity of 91 mg/cm2 in a membrane surface area of 17.34 cm2. In this work, the activity of immobilized Cal-B was twice higher than the native enzyme in p-NP (p-Nitrophenolpalmitate) hydrolyzing. The results indicated that the synthesized PES showed a good performance when used as a matrix in the immobilization of Cal-B. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reserved

Received: 15th November 2016; Revised: 27th May 2017; Accepted: 24th May 2017; Available online: 23rd October 2017; Published regularly: December 2017

How to Cite: Widhyahrini, K., Handayani, N., Wahyuningrum, D., Nurbaiti, S., Radiman, C.L. (2017). The Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Polyethersulfone (PES) as A Matrix in Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B (Cal-B). Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12(3): 343-350 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.3.774.343-350)

 

Keywords

Polyethersulfone (PES); Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS); Immobilization; Lipase; Candida antarctica lipase B (Cal-B)

  1. Khusna Widhyahrini 
    Magister and Doctor Study Program, Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,, Indonesia
  2. Nurrahmi Handayani 
    Analitical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,, Indonesia
  3. Deana Wahyuningrum 
    Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
  4. Santi Nurbaiti 
    Biochemistry Division, Departement of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,, Indonesia
  5. Cynthia Linaya Radiman 
    Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung,, Indonesia
  1. Miletic, N., Abets, V., Ebert, K., Loos, K. (2016). Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B on Polystyrene Nanoparticles Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B on Polystyrene Nanoparticles. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 31: 71-74.
  2. Sheldon, R.A. (2007). Cross-linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEA s): Stable and Recyclable Biocatalysts. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Protein Stabilization, 1583-1587, Exeter, UK.
  3. Sonntag, N.O.V. (1984). New Developments in the Fatty Acid Industry in America. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 61: 229-232.
  4. Stitt, E.H., Weatherley, L.R. (1994). Aqueous Two-phase Extraction Systems. in Bioengineeering Processes for Bioseparations, L.R. Weatherley, Ed. Elsevier, pp. 202-232.
  5. Rahimpour, A., Jahanshahi, M., Khalili, A., Mollahosseini, A., Zirepour, A., Rajaeian, B. (2012). Novel Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Improving the Surface Properties and Performance of Polyethersulfone (PES) Membrane. Desalination, 286: 99-107.
  6. Mu, L., Zhao, W. (2009). Applied Surface Science Hydrophilic Modification of Polyethersulfone Porous Membranes via a Thermal-induced Surface Crosslinking Approach. Applied Surface Science, 255: 7273-7278.
  7. Zhi, G., Yang, Y., Suiyi, Y., Jiancong, L., Dejun, B., Xia, Y., Hongliang, H., Mingxing, H. (2017). Comparing Polyethersulfone and Polyurethane-immobilized Cells of Comamonas testosteroni QYY in Treatment of an Accidental Dye Wastewater. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities, 33(1): 36-43.
  8. Chen, G., Kuo, C., Chen, C., Yu, C., Shieh C., Liu, Y. (2012). Effect of Membranes with Various Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Properties on Lipase Immobilized Activity and Stability. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 113(2): 166-172.
  9. Liu, Z,. Deng, X., Wang, M., Chen, J., Zhang, A., Gu, Z., Zhao, C. (2009). BSA-modified Polyethersulfone Membrane: Preparation, Characterization, and Biocompatibility. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 20: 377-397.
  10. Wang, L., Cai, Y., Jing, Y., Zhu, B.L., Zhu, Xu, Y. (2014). Route to Hemocompatible Polyethersulfone Membranes via Surface Aminolysis and Heparinization. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 422: 38-44.
  11. Hir, Z.A.M., Moradihamedani, P., Abdullah, A.H., Mohamed, M.A. (2017). Immobilization of TiO2 into Polyethersulfone Matrix as Hybrid Film Photocatalyst for Effective Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 57: 157-165.
  12. Idris, A., Bukhari, A. (2012). Immobilized Candida antarctica Lipase B: Hydration, Stripping off and Application in Ring Opening Polyester Synthesis. Biotechnology Advances, 30(3): 550-563.
  13. Wannerberger, K., Arnebrant, T. (1997). Comparison of the Adsorption and Activity of Lipases from Humicola lanuginosa and Candida antarctica on Solid Surfaces. Langmuir, 7463(18): 3488-3493.
  14. Mateo, C., Palomo, J.M., Lorente, F.G., Guisan, J.M., Lafuente, F.R. (2007). Immobilization of Enzymes on Heterofunctional Epoxy Supports. Nature Protocols, 2(5): 1022-1033.
  15. Lafuente, F.R., Armisen, P., Sabuquillo, P., Lorente, A.F., Guisan, J.M. (1998). Immobilization of Lipases by Selective Adsorption on Hydrophobic Supports. Chemistry and Pysics Lipids, 93: 185-197.
  16. Mehrasbi, M.R., Mohammadi, J., Peyda, M., Mohammadi, M. (2017). Covalent Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase on Core-shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil. Renewable Energy, 101: 593-602.
  17. Handayani, N., Buchari, M., Loos, K., Wahyuningrum, D. (2011). Properties of Synthesized Chlorosulfonated Polyethersulfone and Polyethersulfone Membranes as Solid Support for Lipases Immobilization. Proceedings of the second International Seminar on Chemistry, 21-25. Bandung, Indonesia.
  19. Keitoku, F., Kakimoto, M-A., Imai, Y. (1994). Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Poly(ether sulfone)s and Poly(ether ketone)s Based on Methyl-substituted Biphenyl-4,4’-Diols. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 32: 317-322.
  20. Tsuchiya, K., Ishida, Y., Higashihara, T., Kameyama, A., Ueda, M. (2015). Synthesis of Poly(arylene ether sulfone): 18-Crown-6 Catalyzed Phase-transfer Polycondensation of Bisphenol A with 4,4′-Dichlorodiphenyl Sulfone. Polymer Journal, 47(5): 353-354.
  21. Kappe, C.O., Dallinger, D., Murphree, S.S. (2009). Practical Microwave Synthesis for Organic Chemist. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH.
  22. Kappe, C.O., Pieber, B., Dallinger, D. (2012). Microwave Effects in Organic Synthesis-myth or Reality. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 51: 2-9.
  23. Hoz, A.H., Diaz-Ortiz, A., Moreno, A. (2005). Microwaves in Organic Synthesis. Thermal and Non-thermal Microwave Effects. Chemical Society Reviews, 34: 164-17.
  24. Silverstein, R., Webster,F. (1998). Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
  25. Haider, M.S., Shao, G.N., Imran, S.M., Park, S.S., Tahir, M.S., Hussain, M., Bae, W., Kim, H.T. (2016). Aminated polyethersulfone-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-APES) composite membranes with controlled silver ion release for antibacterial and water treatment applications. Materials Science and Engineering C, 62: 732-745.
  26. Keitoku, F., Kakimoto, M-A., Imai, Y. (1994). Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Poly(ether sulfone) sand Poly(ether ketone)s Based on Methyl substituted Biphenyl-4,4’-Diols. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 32: 317-322
  27. Clark, D.S., Baileyt, J.E. (1985). A Mathematical Model for Restricted Diffusion Effects on Macromolecule Impregnation in Porous Supports. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 27: 208-213.
  28. Chauhan, N., Narang, J., Pundir, C.S. (2014). Covalent Immobilization of Lipase, Glycerol Kinase, Glycerol-3- phosphate Oxidase and Horseradish Peroxidase onto Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Strip and its Application in Serum Triglyceride Determination. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 139: 603-609.
  29. Gupta, S., Bhattacharya, A., Murthy, C.N. (2013). Tune to Immobilize Lipases on Polymer Membranes : Techniques, Factors and Prospects. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2: 171-190.
  30. Wang, Y., Hu, Y., Xu, J., Luo, G.,Dai, Y. (2007). Immobilization of Lipase with a Special Microstructure in Composite Hydrophilic CA/Hydrophobic PTFE Membrane for the Chiral Separation of Racemic Ibuprofen. Journal of Membrane Science, 293: 133-141.
  31. Petkar, M., Lali, A., Caimi, P., Daminati, M.. (2006). Immobilization of Lipases for Non-aqueous Synthesis. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 39: 83-90.
  32. Zisis, T., Freddolino, P.L., Turunen, P., Teeseling, M.C.F., Rowan, A.E., Blank, K.G. (2015). Interfacial Activation of Candida antarctica Lipase B: Combined Evidence from Experiment and Simulation. Biochemistry, 54: 5969-5979.
  33. Jesionowski, T., Zdarta, J., Krajewska, B. (2014). Enzyme Immobilization by Adsorption: A Review. Adsorption, 20(5-6): 801-821.
  34. Feng, X., Patterson, D.A., Balaban, M., Emanuelsson, E.A.C. (2013). Enabling the Utilization of Wool as an Enzyme Support: Enhancing the Activity and Stability of Lipase Immobilized onto Woolen Cloth. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 102: 526-533.