Effect of Calcination Temperature on Performance of Photocatalytic Reactor System for Seawater Pretreatment

License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Conservative desalination technology including distillation requires high energy and cost to operate. Hence, pretreatment process can be done prior to desalination to overcome energy demand and cost reduction. Objective of this research is to study the effect of calcination temperature of hybrid catalyst in photocatalytic reactor system in the seawater desalination, i.e. salt removal in the seawater. The catalyst was synthesized via wet impregnation method with 1:1 weight ratio of TiO2 and activated oil palm fiber ash (Ti:Ash). The catalyst was calcined at different temperature, i.e. 500 oC and 800 oC. The study was carried out in a one liter Borosilicate photoreactor equipped with mercury light of 365 nanometers for two hours with 400 rpm mixing and catalyst to seawater sample weight ratio of 1:400. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity and conductivity of the seawater were analyzed prior and after the testing. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized via X-Ray Diffractogram (XRD and Nitrogen physisorption analysis. The calcination temperature significantly influenced the adsorption behaviour and photocatalytic activity. However, Ti:Ash which calcined at 800 oC has less photocatalytic activity. It might be because the surface of fiber ash was sintered after calcined at high temperature. The Ti:Ash catalyst that calcined at 500 oC was found to be the most effective catalyst in the desalination of seawater by reducing the salt concentration of more than 9 % compared to Ti:Ash calcined at 800 oC. It can be concluded that catalyst calcination at 500 °C has better character, performance and economically feasible catalyst for seawater desalination. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved
Received: 22nd January 2016; Revised: 23rd February 2016; Accepted: 23rd February 2016
How to Cite: Kan, W.E., Roslan, J., Isha R. (2016). Effect of Calcination Temperature on Performance of Photocatalytic Reactor System for Seawater Pretreatment. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (2): 230-237 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.554.230-237)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.554.230-237
Article Metrics: (click on the button below to see citations in Scopus)
Article Metrics:
- Al-Rasheed, R., Cardin, D.J. (2003). Photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in saline waters. Part 1. Artificial seawater: influence of TiO2, temperature, pH, and air-flow. Chemosphere 51: 925-933
- Ghaffour, N., Reddy, V.K., Abu-Arabi, M. (2011). Technology Development and Application of Solar Energy in Desalination: MEDRC contribution. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15: 4410-4415
- Shakhashiri (January 2011). Chemical of the Week; Water for General Chemistry. Citing Internet sources URL www.scifun.org
- Mozia, S., Toyoda, M., Inagaki M., Tryba, B., Morawski, A.W. (2007). Application of Carbon-coated TiO2 for Decomposition of Methylene Blue in a Photocatalytic Membrane Reactor. Hazardous Materials 140: 369-375
- Serpone, N., Emiline, A.V. (2002). Suggested Terms and Definitions in Photocatalysis and Radiolysis. International Journal of Photoenergy (4): 91-131
- Ibhadon, A.O., Fitzpatrick, P. (2013). Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: Recent Advances and Applications. Catalysts 3: 189-218; doi: 10.3390/catal3010189
- Lazar, M.A., Varghese, S., Nair, S.S. (2012). Photocatalytic Water Treatment by Titanium Dioxide: Recent update. Catalyst 2: 572-601; doi: 10.3390/catal2040572
- Hashimoto, K., Irie, H., Fujishima, A. (2005). TiO2 Photocatalysis: A Historical Overview and Future Prospects. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 44(12): 8269-8285
- Shon, H.K., Vigneswaran, S., Kim, J., Huu, H.N. (2007). Application of Hybrid Photocatalysis Systems Coupled with Flocculation and Adsorption to Biologically Treated Sewage Effluent for Organic Removal. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 24(4): 618-623
- Shon, H.K., Phuntsho, S., Vigneswaran S. (2007). Effect of Photocatalysis on the Membrane Hybrid System for Wastewater Treatment, Technical Report, Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Carp, O., Huisman, C.L., Reller, A. (2004). Photoinduced Reactivity of Titanium Dioxide. Progress in Solid State Chemistry 32: 33-177
- Klankaw, P., Chawengkijwanich, C., Grisdanurak, N., Chiarakorn, S. (2012). The Hybrid Photocatalysis of TiO2-SiO2 Thin Film Prepared from Rice Husk Silica. Superlattices and Microstructures 51: 343-352
- Chai, Y-S., Lee, J-C., Kim, B-V. (2000). Photocatalytic Disinfection of E. coli in a Suspended TiO2/UV Reactor. Korean J. Chem. Eng., 17(6): 633-637
- Guo, B., Shen, H., Shu, K., Zeng, Y., Ning, W. (2009). The Study of the Relationship between Pore Structure and Photocatalysis of Mesoporous TiO2. Chemical Science, 121(3): 317-321
- Awal, A.S.M., Hussin M.W. (1997). The Effectiveness of Palm Oil Fuel Ash in Preventing Expansion due to Alkali-Silica Reaction. Cement and Concrete Composites, 19(4): 367-372
- Abdul, K.H.P.S., Poh, B.T., Issam, A.M., Jawaid, M., Ridzuan, R. (2010). Recycled Polypropylene-oil Palm Biomass: The Effect on Mechanical and Physical Properties. Reinforced Plastics and Composites 29(8): 1117-1130
- Lee, S-Y., Park, S-Y. (2013). TiO2 Photocatalyst for Water Treatment Applications. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 19: 1761-1769
- Yalcin, S., Mutlu, I.H. (2012). Structural Characterization of Some Table Salt Samples by XRD, ICP, FTIR and XRF Techniques. In Proceedings of the International Congress on Advances in Applied Physics and Materials Science, Antalya 2011. Vol. 121
- Hirano, M., Ota, K., Iwata, H. (2004). Direct Formation of Anatase (TiO2)/Silica (SiO2) Composite Nanoparticles with High Phase Stability of 1300 °C from Acidic Solution by Hydrolysis under Hydrothermal Condition. Chemical Material, 16(19): ): 3725-3732
- Sun, Q., Hu, X., Zheng, S., Sun, Z., Liu, S., Li, H. (2015). Influence of Calcination Temperature on the Structural, Adsorption and Photocatlaytic Properties of TiO2 Nanoparticles Supported on Natural Zeolite. Powder Technology 274: 88-97
- Jamieson, J.C., Olinger, B. (1968). High-Pressure Polymorphism of Titanium Dioxide. Science, 161: 893-895
- Dorian, A.H., Sorrell, C.C. (2011). Review of the Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation. Material Science 46:855-874
- Porter, J.F., Li, Y.G., Chan, C.K. (1999). The Effect of Calcination on the Microstructural Characteristics and Photoreactivity of Degussa P25 TiO2. Material Science 34(7): 1523-1531
- Li, W., Ni, C., Lin, H., Huang, C.P., Ismat, S.S. (2004). Size Dependence of Thermal Stability of TiO2 Nanoparticles. Applied Physics 96: 6663-6668 (doi: 10.1063/1.1807520)
- Emerson, F.H., Clair W.W. (1972). Kinetics, Mechanism of the Anatase/Rutilse Transformation, as Catalysed by Ferric Oxide and Reducing Conditions. American Mineralogist 57: 10-23
- Ahmed, S., Rasul, M.G., Brown, R., Hashib, M.A. (2011). Influence of Parameters on the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Pesticides and Phenolic Contaminants in Wastewater: A Short Review. Environmental Management, 92(3): 311-330
- Isha, R. & Williams, P.T. (2011) Pyrolysis-gasification of agriculture biomass wastes for hydrogen production. Journal of the Energy Institute, 84: 80-87
- Bansal, R.C., Goyal, M. (2005). Activated Carbon Adsorption. CRC Press, New York
- Rubio, D., Casanueva, J.F., Nebot, E. (2013). Improving UV Seawater Disinfection with Immobilized TiO2: Study of the Viability of Photocatalysis (UV254/TiO2) as Seawater Disinfection Technology. Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 271: 16-23
- Stylidi, M., Kondarides, D.I., Verykios, X.E. (2003). Pathways of Solar Light-induced Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dyes in Aqueous TiO2 Suspensions. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 40: 271-286
- Aliabadi, M., Abyar, A. (2013). Photo Catalytic Degradation of Acrylonitrile in Aqueous Solutions Using Nano Titanium Dioxide. Biodiversity and Environment Sciences, 3(12): 36-42
- Yoneyama, H., Torimoto, T. (2000). Titanium Dioxide/Adsorbent Hybrid Photocatalysts for Photodestruction of Organic Substances of Dilute Concentrations. Catalysis Today 58: 133-140
Last update: 2021-04-21 08:31:23
Last update: 2021-04-21 08:31:24
-
Simultaneous catalytic oxidation of a lean mixture of CO-CH
Neha N.. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 15 (2), 2020. doi: 10.9767/bcrec.15.2.6499.490-5004 over spinel type cobalt based oxides -
Charcoal characterization and application is solar evaporator for seawater desalination
Roslan J.. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 127 (2), 2020. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/736/2/022107 -
Mesoporous ce-doped Ti:Ash photocatalyst investigation in visible light photocatalytic water pretreatment process
Suliman A.A.M.. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 15 (2), 2020. doi: 10.9767/bcrec.15.2.7055.367-378 -
Facile synthesis of Ag3PO4 photocatalyst with varied ammonia concentration and its photocatalytic activities for dye removal
Febiyanto F.. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 14 (1), 2019. doi: 10.9767/bcrec.14.1.2549.42-50
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Journal Author(s) Rights
In order for BCREC Group to publish and disseminate research articles, we need publishing rights (transfered from author(s) to publisher). This is determined by a publishing agreement between the Author(s) and BCREC Group. This agreement deals with the transfer or license of the copyright of publishing to BCREC Group, while Authors still retain significant rights to use and share their own published articles. BCREC Group supports the need for authors to share, disseminate and maximize the impact of their research and these rights, in any databases.
As a journal Author, you have rights for a large range of uses of your article, including use by your employing institute or company. These Author rights can be exercised without the need to obtain specific permission. Authors publishing in BCREC journals have wide rights to use their works for teaching and scholarly purposes without needing to seek permission, including:
- use for classroom teaching by Author or Author's institution and presentation at a meeting or conference and distributing copies to attendees;
- use for internal training by author's company;
- distribution to colleagues for their reseearch use;
- use in a subsequent compilation of the author's works;
- inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
- reuse of portions or extracts from the article in other works (with full acknowledgement of final article);
- preparation of derivative works (other than commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgement of final article);
- voluntary posting on open web sites operated by author or author’s institution for scholarly purposes,
Authors/Readers/Third Parties can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, but they must give appropriate credit (the name of the creator and attribution parties (authors detail information), a copyright notice, an open access license notice, a disclaimer notice, and a link to the material), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made (Publisher indicates the modification of the material (if any) and retain an indication of previous modifications using a CrossMark Policy and information about Erratum-Corrigendum notification).
Authors/Readers/Third Parties can read, print and download, redistribute or republish the article (e.g. display in a repository), translate the article, download for text and data mining purposes, reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works, sell or re-use for commercial purposes, remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).
Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (Publishing Right)
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright for publishing (publishing right) of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Publisher of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis journal and Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University/Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) (or BCREC Group).
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (CTAP)'. An e-mail will be sent to the Corresponding Author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing' form by online version of this agreement.
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis journal and Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University/Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia-Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS), the Editors and the Advisory International Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.
Remember, even though we ask for a transfer of copyright for publishing (CTAP), our journal Author(s) retain (or are granted back) significant scholarly rights as mentioned before.
The Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (CTAP) Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (CTAP) Form BCREC 2020]
The copyright form should be signed electronically and send to the Editorial Office in the form of original e-mail below:
Prof. Dr. I. Istadi (Editor-in-Chief)
Editorial Office of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Laboratory of Plasma-Catalysis (R3.5), UPT Laboratorium Terpadu, Universitas Diponegoro
Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275
Telp/Whatsapp: +62-81-316426342
E-mail: bcrec[at]live.undip.ac.id
(This policy statements has been updated at 24th December 2020)