Reusability and Stability Tests of Calcium Oxide Based Catalyst (K2O/CaO-ZnO) for Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel

Istadi Istadi; Udin Mabruro; Bintang Ayu Kalimantini; Luqman Buchori; Didi Dwi Anggoro

doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.1.413.34-39

DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.1.413.34-39

Reusability and Stability Tests of Calcium Oxide Based Catalyst (K2O/CaO-ZnO) for Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel

Istadi Istadi , Udin Mabruro, Bintang Ayu Kalimantini, Luqman Buchori, Didi Dwi Anggoro

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Received: 10 Nov 2015; Revised: 16 Jan 2016; Accepted: 16 Jan 2016; Available online: 10 Mar 2016; Published: 1 Apr 2016.

Editor(s): BCREC JM

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Abstract

This paper was purposed for testing reusability and stability of calcium oxide-based catalyst (K₂O/CaO-ZnO) over transesterification reaction of soybean oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. The K₂O/CaO-ZnO catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation method of calcium and zinc nitrates followed by impregnation of potassium nitrate. The fresh and used catalysts were tested after regeneration. The catalysts were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and BET Surface Area in order to compare the catalyst structure between the fresh and used catalysts. The catalyst testing in transesterification proses was carried out at following operating conditions, i.e. catalyst weight of 6 wt.%, oil to methanol mole ratio of 1:15, and temperature of 60 oC. In addition, metal oxide leaching of K₂O/CaO-ZnO catalyst during reaction was also tested. From the results, the catalysts exhibited high catalytic activity (80% fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield after three-cycles of usage) and acceptable reusability after regeneration. The catalyst also showed acceptable stability of catalytic activity, even after three-cycles of usage.

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Keywords: K2O/CaO-ZnO; biodiesel production; transesterification process; reusability; stability

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Section: The 2nd International Conference on Chemical and Material Engineering 2015

In 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)

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