DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.14.2.3319.450-458

Synthesis of Chitosan/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Stabilized by Chitosan via Microwave Heating

Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Highway Tun Razak, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Received: 1 Oct 2018; Revised: 15 Feb 2019; Accepted: 15 Feb 2019; Available online: 30 Apr 2019; Published: 1 Aug 2019.
Editor(s): Asmida Ideris, Istadi Istadi
Open Access Copyright (c) 2019 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Nowadays, zinc oxide (ZnO) has attracted attention in research and development because of its remarkable antibacterial properties. Chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles were successfully synthesized via microwave heating. The objectives of this work were to investigate the effect of stabilizer, power heating and time heating on size of chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles and to determine antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, where chitosan was used as a stabilizing agent. Chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles were analyzed  by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Zetasizer instrument. The power heating and time heating were varied from 400 to 800 Watt and 4 to 8 minutes, respectively. The presence of chitosan has role on preventing the nanoparticles from agglomeration by producing a milky solution of chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles without any suspensions. The increase of power  and time heating improved the size of nanoparticles. The peak in FTIR spectrum at around 427 cm-1 was confirmed the existence of the ZnO phase. XRD patterns showed that the chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles materials were pure phase with average crystalline size is 130 nm. FESEM revealed that chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles were uniformly distributed with the mean value of size is 70 nm and spherical shaped. Further impact of power and time heating on the size of the chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles can be shown by a nanoparticles size distribution with the average of 30 to 90 nm. The results showed that chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles have displayed an antibacterial inhibition zone against Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli which 16.0 and 13.3 mm, respectively. Chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized in this work presented have potential application to prevent bacterial infections. 

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Keywords: ZnO Nanoparticles; Chitosan; Microwave Heating; Stabilizer; Antibacterial
Funding: Ministry of Education, Malaysia, and Universiti Malaysia Pahang for financial support (RDU 150333)

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Section: The 4th International Conference of Chemical Engineering & Industrial Biotechnology (ICCEIB 2018)
Language : EN
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