DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.13.3.2909.588-591

Effect of Incorporating TiO2 Photocatalyst in PVDF Hollow Fibre Membrane for Photo-Assisted Degradation of Methylene Blue

1Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Malaysia

2Center of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

3School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia

Received: 8 Jul 2018; Revised: 30 Jul 2018; Accepted: 5 Aug 2018; Available online: 14 Nov 2018; Published: 4 Dec 2018.
Editor(s): Hadi Nur
Open Access Copyright (c) 2018 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Cover Image
Abstract

A rapid growth in populations, living standards and industries has become a key contribution to water pollution. Clean water is an important resource for life, sustainable development and ecosystems. This study therefore investigates the photocatalytic degradation of an organic pollutant (methylene blue) using PVDF/TiO2 membrane. The main objective of the study is to determine the synergistic effect of incorporating TiO2 photocatalyst into the PVDF membrane on the mineralization of the organic pollutants. The TiO2 photocatalyst was characterized using Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer, Emmettt, and Teller (BET), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. While the fabricated PVDF/TiO2 hollow fibre membranes were then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle. The performance of the membrane was evaluated by photodegradation of methylene blue. The degradation study revealed that both the undoped PVDF and the TIO2 doped PVDF membrane were capable of degrading methylene blue. The performance of the membrane can be ranked as follows 9 wt% TiO2/PVDF > 6 wt% TiO2/PVDF > 3 wt% TiO2/PVDF > undoped PVDF showing the synergistic effect of incorporating the TiO2 photocatalyst into the PVDF membrane.  The kinetics data of obtained from the rate of degradation of the methylene blue fitted well into first order kinetic data with apparent kinetic constants of 0.0591, 0.0295, 0.0188, and 0.0100 obtained using pure membrane, undoped PVDF, 3 wt% TiO2/PVDF, 6 wt% TiO2/PVDF, and 9 wt% TiO2/PVDF, respectively.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Water pollution; titanium dioxide; photocatalytic degradation; methylene blue; polyvinylidene fluoride
Funding: Universiti Malaysia Pahang under the grant (RDU15114)

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
An Efficient Synthesis of 1,8-Dioxo-Octahydroxanthenes Derivatives Using Heterogeneous Ce-ZSM-11 Zeolite Catalyst Catalytic Study of the Partial Oxidation Reaction of Methanol to Formaldehyde in the Vapor Phase Comparison the New Kinetics Equation of Non-competitive Sorption Cd(II) and Zn(II) onto Green Sorbent Horse Dung Humic Acid (HD-HA) Author Guideline (2018) Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Indexing, and Table of Contents) Backmatter More recent articles
  1. Gaya U.I., Abdullah A.H. (2008). Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide: A review of fundamentals, progress and problems. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C Photochem., 9 (1):1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2007.12.003
  2. Ebrahiem E.E., Al-Maghrabi M.N., Mobarki A.R. (2017). Removal of organic pollutants from industrial wastewater by applying photo-Fenton oxidation technology. Arab. J. Chem. 10:S1674-S1679. doi: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.06.012
  3. Zangeneh, H., Zinatizadeh, A.A.L., Habibi, M., Akia, M., Hasnain Isa, M. (2015). Photocatalytic oxidation of organic dyes and pollutants in wastewater using different modified titanium dioxides: A comparative review. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 26:1-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.10.043
  4. Pi, Y., Li, Z., Xu, D., Liu, J., Li, Y., Zhang, F., Zhang, G., Peng, W., Fan, X. (2017). 1T-Phase MoS2 Nanosheets on TiO2 Nanorod Arrays: 3D Photoanode with Extraordinary Catalytic Performance. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 5(6): 5175-5182. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00518
  5. Ali, K.A., Abdullah, A.Z., Mohamed, A.R. (2017). Visible light responsive TiO2nanoparticles modified using Ce and La for photocatalytic reduction of CO2: Effect of Ce dopant content. Appl. Catal. A Gen., 537:111–120. doi: 10.1016/j.apcata.2017.03.022
  6. Aksu, Z. (2005). Application of biosorption for the removal of organic pollutants: A review. Process. Biochem. 40(3-4): 997-1026. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2004.04.008
  7. Oller, I., Malato, S., Sánchez-Pérez, J.A. (2011). Combination of Advanced Oxidation Processes and biological treatments for wastewater decontamination-A review. Sci. Total Environ., 409 (20): 4141-4166. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.061
  8. Leong, S., Razmjou, A., Wang, K., Hapgood, K., Zhang, X., Wang, H. (2014). TiO2 based photocatalytic membranes : A review. Journal of Membrane Science, 472: 167-184. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.08.016
  9. Hidalgo, M.C., Maicu, M., Navío, J.A., Colón, G. (2007). Photocatalytic properties of surface modified platinised TiO2: Effects of particle size and structural composition. Catal. Today, 129 (1-2):43-49. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2007.06.052
  10. Malato, S., Blanco, J., Alarcon, D.C., Maldonado, M.I., Fernandez-Ibanez, P., Gernjak, W. (2007). Photocatalytic decontamination and disinfection of water with solar collectors. Catal. Today, 122 (1-2): 137-149. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2007.01.034
  11. Moghadam, M.T., Lesage, G., Mohammadi, T., Mericq, J.P., Mendret, J., Heran, M., Faur, C., Brosillon, S., Hemmati, M., Naeimpoor, F. (2015). Improved antifouling properties of TiO2/PVDF nanocomposite membranes in UV-coupled ultrafiltration. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 132 (21):13-15. doi: 10.1002/app.41731
  12. Ochoa, N.A., Masuelli, M., Marchese, J. (2003). Effect of hydrophilicity on fouling of an emulsified oil wastewater with PVDF/PMMA membranes. J. Memb. Sci., 226(1-2): 203-211. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2003.09.004
  13. Lin, Z., Zhao L, Dong Y (2015). Chemosphere Quantitative characterization of hydroxyl radical generation in a goethite-catalyzed Fenton-like reaction. Chemosphere,141:7–12. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.066
  14. Gao, B., Liu, L., Liu, J., Yang, F. (2013). Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-tribromophenol over Fe-doped ZnIn2S4: Stable activity and enhanced debromination. Appl. Catal. B Environ., 129: 89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.09.007
  15. Lee, H., Choi, J., Lee, S., Yun, S.T., Lee, C., Lee, J. (2013). Kinetic enhancement in photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds by WO3 in the presence of Fenton-like reagent. Appl. Catal. B Environ., 138-139: 311-317. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.03.006
  16. Gao, X., Su, X., Yang, C., Xiao, F., Wang, J., Cao, X., Wang, S., Zhang, L. (2013). Hydrothermal synthesis of WO3 nanoplates as highly sensitive cyclohexene sensor and high-efficiency MB photocatalyst. Sensors Actuators B Chem., 181: 537-543. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2013.02.031
  17. Huo Y, Xie Z, Wang X, Li H, Hoang M, Caruso R.A (2013). Methyl orange removal by combined visible-light photocatalysis and membrane distillation. Dye Pigment, 98(1):106–12. doi: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.02.009
  18. Wang, J., Yu, Y., Zhang, L. (2013). Highly efficient photocatalytic removal of sodium pentachlorophenate with Bi3O4Br under visible light. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 136-137: 112–121. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.02.009
  19. Miao, Z., Tao, S., Wang, Y., Yu, Y., Meng, C., An, Y. (2013). Hierarchically porous silica as an efficient catalyst carrier for high performance vis-light assisted Fenton degradation. Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 176: 178-185. doi: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.04.009
  20. Zhang, Y., Wang, D., Zhang, G. (2011). Photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants by TiO2/sepiolite composites prepared at low temperature. Chem. Eng. J., 173(1): 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.11.028
  21. Gupta, V.K., Pathania, D., Agarwal, S., Singh, P. (2012). Adsorptional photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue onto pectin-CuS nanocomposite under solar light. J. Hazard. Mater., 243: 179-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.018
  22. Xiao, X., Hu, R., Liu, C., Xing, C., Zuo, X., Nan, J., Wang, L. (2013). Facile microwave synthesis of novel hierarchical Bi24O31Br10 nanoflakes with excellent visible light photocatalytic performance for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride. Chem. Eng. J., 225: 790-797. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2013.03.103
  23. Lu, S.Y., Wu, D., Wang, Q. L., Yan, J., Buekens, A.G., Cen, K.F. (2011). Photocatalytic decomposition on nano-TiO2: Destruction of chloroaromatic compounds. Chemosphere, 82 (9):1215-1224. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.12.034
  24. Mahmoodi, N.M., Arami, M., Limaee, N.Y (2006). Photocatalytic degradation of triazinic ring-containing azo dye (Reactive Red 198) by using immobilized TiO2 photoreactor: Bench scale study. J. Hazard. Mater., 133(1-3): 113-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.057
  25. Mu, R., Xu, Z., Li, L., Shao, Y., Wan, H., Zheng, S. (2010). On the photocatalytic properties of elongated TiO2 nanoparticles for phenol degradation and Cr(VI) reduction. J. Hazard. Mater.,176 (1-3): 495–502. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.057
  26. Yang, S., Gu, J.S., Yu, H.Y., Zhou, J., Li, S.F., Wu, X.M., Wang, L. (2011). Polypropylene membrane surface modification by RAFT grafting polymerization and TiO2 photocatalysts immobilization for phenol decomposition in a photocatalytic membrane reactor. Sep. Purif. Technol. 83: 157-165. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.09.030
  27. Wang, N., Chu, W., Zhang, T., Zhao, X. (2011). Manganese promoting effects on the Co–Ce–Zr–Ox nano catalysts for methane dry reforming with carbon dioxide to hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Chem. Eng. J., 170(2-3): 457-463. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.12.042
  28. Gupta, V.K. (2009). Application of low-cost adsorbents for dye removal - A review. J. Environ. Manage., 90 (8): 2313-2342. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.11.017
  29. Meriläinen, A., Seppälä, A., Kauranen, P. (2012). Minimizing specific energy consumption of oxygen enrichment in polymeric hollow fiber membrane modules. Applied energy, 94: 285–294. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.069
  30. Peng, N., Widjojo, N., Sukitpaneenit, P., Teoh, M.M., Lipscomb, G.G., Chung, T.S., Lai, J.Y. (2012). Evolution of polymeric hollow fibers as sustainable technologies: Past, present, and future. Prog. Polym. Sci., 37 (10): 1401-1424. doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.01.001
  31. Luttrell, T., Halpegamage, S., Tao, J., Kramer, A., Sutter, E., Batzill, M. (2014). Why is anatase a better photocatalyst than rutile?-Model studies on epitaxial TiO2 films. Scientific Reports, 4: 4043
  32. Li, X., Xiong, Y., Zou, L., Wang, M., Xie, Y. (2007). Polymer-induced generation of anatase TiO2 hollow nanostructures. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 112 (1-3): 641–646. doi: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.10.034
  33. Benedix, R., Dehn, F., Quaas, J., Orgass, M. (2000). Application of titanium dioxide photocatalysis to create self-cleaning building materials. Lacer, 3: 157-168
  34. Damodar, R.A., You, S., Chou, H. (2009). Study the self cleaning , antibacterial and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 entrapped PVDF membranes. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172(1-3): 1321-1328. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.139
  35. Dzinun, H., Othman, M.H.D., Ismail, A.F., Puteh, M.H., Rahman, M.A., Jaafar, J. (2016). Photocatalytic degradation of nonylphenol using co-extruded dual-layer hollow fibre membranes incorporated with a different ratio of TiO2/PVDF. React. Funct. Polym., 99: 80-87. doi: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.12.011
  36. Liang, S., Kang, Y., Tiraferri, A., Giannelis, E.P., Huang, X., Elimelech, M. (2013). Highly Hydrophilic Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Ultrafiltration Membranes via Postfabrication Grafting of Surface-Tailored Silica Nanoparticles. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 5 (14): 6694-6703. doi: 10.1021/am401462e
  37. Akpan, U.G., Hameed, B.H. (2009). Parameters affecting the photocatalytic degradation of dyes using TiO2-based photocatalysts : A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 170(2-3): 520-529. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.039
  38. Kang, G.D., Cao, Y. (2014). Application and modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes - A review. J. Memb. Sci., 463:145-165. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.03.055
  39. Liu, F., Hashim, N.A., Liu, Y., Abed, M.R.M., Li, K. (2011). Progress in the production and modification of PVDF membranes. J. Memb. Sci., 375(1-2): 1-27. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.03.014
  40. Ngang, H.P., Ooi, B.S., Ahmad, A.L., Lai, S.O. (2012). Preparation of PVDF-TiO2 mixed-matrix membrane and its evaluation on dye adsorption and UV-cleaning properties. Chem. Eng. J., 197: 359-367. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2012.05.050
  41. Houas, A., Lachheb, H., Ksibi, M., Elaloui, E., Guillard, C., Herrmann, J.M. (2001). Photocatalytic degradation pathway of methylene blue in water. Appl. Catal. B Environ., 31 (2): 145-157. doi: 10.1016/S0926-3373(00)00276-9
  42. Konstantinou, I.K., Albanis, T.A. (2004). TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes in aqueous solution: Kinetic and mechanistic investigations: A review. Appl. Catal. B Environ., 49 (1): 1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2003.11.010

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.