DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.17.2.14172.466-475

Photodegradation of Rhodamine-B Dye under Natural Sunlight using CdO

Department of Chemistry, Rajaram College, Kolhapur 416004, India

Received: 3 May 2022; Revised: 12 Jun 2022; Accepted: 13 Jun 2022; Available online: 14 Jun 2022; Published: 30 Jun 2022.
Editor(s): Istadi Istadi
Open Access Copyright (c) 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Cover Image
Abstract

The present study includes synthesis of CdO thin film by simple and cost effective chemical bath deposition method. Cadmium monochloroaceatate were used for preparation of CdO thin film.  The structural, optical properties of CdO thin film were investigated with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis NIR double beam spectrometry. The XRD studies revealed that annealed thin film shows crystalline in nature having 48.4 nm in size. The optical band gap of thin film was found to be 2.13 eV. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images shows sphere like structure which is closely arranged with each other. The presence of functional group was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis confirm formation of a mesoporous CdO with 6.01 m2/g surface area and 31.96 nm average pore diameter. The photocatalytic activity of prepared thin film was checked by using Rhodamine-B as a model dye under natural sunlight and found to be 48%. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Thin film; Chemical bath deposition; Optical properties; Photocatalytic activity; Rhodamine B

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Photocatalytic Efficiency of Titanium Dioxide for Dyes and Heavy Metals Removal from Wastewater Photodegradation of Rhodamine-B Dye under Natural Sunlight using CdO Effect of pH on the Performance of Bi2O2CO3 Nanoplates for Methylene Blue Removal in Water by Adsorption and Photocatalysis Sodium Silicate Catalyst for Synthesis Monoacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol-Rich Structured Lipids: Product Characteristic and Glycerolysis–Interesterification Kinetics Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Indexing, and Table of Contents) Backmatter (Publication Ethics, Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing Form) More recent articles
  1. Forgacs, E., Cserha, T., Oros, G. (2004). Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review. Environment International, 30, 953. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.001
  2. Zhu, H.Y., Fu, Y.Q., Jiang, R., Jiang, J.H., Xiao, L., Zeng, G.M., Zhao, S.L., Wang, Y. (2011). Adsorption removal of congo red onto magnetic cellulose/Fe3O4/activated carbon composite: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 173, 494. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2011.08.020
  3. Verma, A.K., Dash, R., Bhunia, P. (2012). A review on chemical coagulation/flocculation technologies for removal of colour from textile wastewaters. Journal of Environmental Management, 93, 154. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.09.012
  4. Cheng, S.H., Oatley, D.L., Williams, P.M., Wright, C.J. (2012). Characterisation and application of a novel positively charged nanofiltration membrane for the treatment of textile industry wastewaters. Water Research, 46, 33. DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.10.011
  5. Rahimi, R., Kerdari, H., Rabbani, M., Shafiee, M. (2011). Synthesis, characterization and adsorbing properties of hollow Zn-Fe2O4 nanospheres on removal of Congo red from aqueous solution. Desalination, 280, 412. DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2011.04.073
  6. Afkhami, A., Moosavi, R. (2010). Adsorptive removal of Congo red, a carcinogenic textile dye, from aqueous solutions by maghemite nanoparticles. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 174, 398. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.066
  7. Hassani, A., Krishnan, S., Scaria, J., Eghbali, P., Nidheesh, P. (2021). Z-scheme photocatalysts for visible-light-driven pollutants degradation: A review on recent advancements. Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science, 25, 100941. DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2021.100941
  8. Karim, A., Hassani, A., Scaria, J., Eghbali, P., Nidheesh, P., (2022). Nanostructured modified layered double hydroxide (LDHs)- based catalysts: A review on synthesis, characterization, and applications in water remediation by advanced oxidation processes. Current Opinion in Solid State & Materials Science, 26, 100965. DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2021.100965
  9. Reddy, C., Babu, V.B., Shim, J. (2018). Synthesis, optical properties and efficient photocatalytic activity of CdO/ZnO hybrid nanocomposite. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 112, 20-28. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.09.003
  10. Madihi-Bidgoli, S., Asadnezhad, S., Nezhad, A., Hassani, A., (2021). Azurobine degradation using Fe2O3@multi-walled carbon nanotube activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under UVA-LED irradiation: performance, mechanism and environmental application. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 9, 106660. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.106660
  11. Vaizoğullar, A. (2018). Needle-Like La-Doped MgOPhotocatalyst: Synthesis, Characterization and Photodegradation of Flumequine Antibiotic Under UV Irradiation. Journal of Electronic Materials, 47, 6751–6758. DOI: 10.1007/s11664-018-6591-0
  12. Wang, G., Gang, L., Li, Z., Wang, B., Zhang, W., Yuan, B., Zhou, T., Long, X., Kuang, A. (2020). Two–dimensional CdO/CdS heterostructure used for visible light photocatalysis. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 22, 9587-9592. DOI: 10.1039/D0CP00876A
  13. Tadjarodi, A., Imani, M. (2011). A novel nanostructure of cadmium oxide synthesized by mechanochemical method. Materials Research Bulletin, 46, 1949. DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2011.07.016
  14. Ren, H.X., Huang, X.J., Yarimaga, O., Choi, Y.K., Gu, N. (2009). A cauliflower-like gold structure for superhydrophobicity. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 334, 103. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.03.023
  15. Rajeshwar, K., Osugi, M.E., Chanmanee, W., Chenthamarakshan, C.R., Zanoni, M.V.B., Kajitvichyanukul, K., Krishnanayer, P.R. (2008). Heterogeneous photocatalytic treatment of organic dyes in air and aqueous media. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews, 9, 171. DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2008.09.001
  16. Ghoshal, T., Kar, S., De, S.K. (2009). Morphology controlled solvothermal synthesis of Cd(OH)2 and CdO micro/nanocrystals on Cd foil Morphology. Applied Surface Science, 255, 8091-8097. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.05.021
  17. Gulino, A., Compagnini, G., Scalisi, A.A. (2003). Large Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Cadmium Oxide Thin Films. Chemistry of Materials, 15(17), 3332–3336. DOI: 10.1021/cm031075f
  18. Yakuphanoglu, F. (2010). Nanocluster n-CdO thin film by sol–gel for solar cell applications. Applied Surface Science, 257(5), 1413-1419. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.08.045
  19. Desai, S.P., Suryawanshi, M.P., Bhosale, S.M., Kim, J.H., Moholkar, A.V. (2015). Influence of growth temperature on the physico-chemical properties of sprayed cadmium oxide thin films. Ceramics International, 41(3), 4867-4873. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.12.045
  20. Saha, B., Thapa, R., Chattopadhyay, K.K. (2008). Wide range tuning of electrical conductivity of RF sputtered CdO thin films through oxygen partial pressure variation. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 92(9), 1077-1080. DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.03.024
  21. Rane, Y.N., Shende, D.A., Raghuwanshi, M.G., Koli, R.R., Gosavi, S.R., Deshpande, N.G. (2018). Visible-light assisted CdO nanowires photocatalyst for toxic dye degradation studies. Optik, 179, 535-544. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.10.215
  22. Yadav, A.A., Barote, M.A., Chavan, T.V., Masumdar, E.U. (2011). Influence of indium doping on the properties of spray deposited CdS0.2Se0.8 thin films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 509(3), 916–921. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.09.130
  23. Millesi, S., Schilirò, M., Greco, F., Crupi, I., Impellizzeri, G., Priolo, F., Egdell, R.G., Gulino, A. (2016). Nanostructured CdO thin films for water treatments. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 42, 85–88. DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2015.08.005
  24. Chong, C., Lee, T., Juan, J., Johan, M., Loke, C., Ng, K., Lai, J., Lim, T. (2022). Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Decorated Indium Hydroxide Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Photocatalytic Activity. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 17(1), 113–126. DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.1.12352.113-126
  25. Tharayil, N.J., Raveendran R., Vaidyan, A.V., Chithra, P.G. (2008). Optical, electrical and structural studies of nickel-cobalt oxide nanoparticles. Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 15, 489-496
  26. Bulakhe, R.N., Lokhande, C.D. (2013). Chemically deposited cubic structured CdO thin films: Room temperature. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1536, 503. DOI: 10.1063/1.4810321
  27. Saleh, T.A., Gupta, V.K. (2012). Photo-catalyzed degradation of hazardous dye methyl orange by use of a composite catalyst consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 371, 101-106. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.12.038
  28. Şakar, B.C., Saritaş, S., Kundakçi, M. (2021). Comparison of the optical and morphological properties of CdO thin films obtained by different methods. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46, 6888-6891. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.01.551
  29. Liu, X., Li, K., Wu, C., Zhou, Y., Pei, C. (2014). Egg white-assisted preparation of inorganic functional materials: A sustainable, eco-friendly, low-cost and multifunctional method. Ceramics International, 45(18), 23869-23889. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.08.152
  30. Singh, J., Kumar, P., Hui, K.S., Hui, K.N., Raman, K., Tiwari, R.S., Srivastava, O.N. (2012). Synthesis, band-gap tuning, structural and optical investigations of Mg doped ZnO nanowires. CrystEngComm, 14(18), 5898-5904. DOI: 10.1039/C2CE06650E
  31. Zandi, S., Kameli, P., Salamati, H., Ahmadvand, H., Hakimi, M. (2011). Microstructure and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles prepared by a simple method. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 406 (17), 3215-3218. DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2011.05.026
  32. Malecka, B., Lacz, A. (2008). Thermal decomposition of cadmium formate in inert and oxidative atmosphere. Thermochim Acta, 479 (1-2), 12-16. DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2008.09.003
  33. Ren, W., Ai, Z., Jia, F., Zhang, L., Fan, X., Zou, Z. (2007). Low temperature preparation and visible light photocatalytic activity of mesoporous carbon-doped crystalline TiO2. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 69, 138-144. DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.06.015
  34. Dhas, C.R., Venkatesh, R., Jothivenkatachalam, K., Nithya, A., Benjamin, B.S., Raj, A.M.E., Jeyadheepan, K., Sanjeeviraja, C. (2015). Visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B and Direct Red using cobalt oxide nanoparticles. Ceramics International, 3, 238. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.03.238
  35. Ngan, T., Thuy, T., Tan, L., Nguyen, T. (2021) Iron-Manganese Bimetallic-Organic Framework as a Photocatalyst for Degradation of Rhodamine B Organic Dye Under Visible Light. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 16(4), 916-924. DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.4.11764.916-924
  36. Azadeh, T., Mina, I., Hamed, K. (2013). Experimental design to optimize the synthesis of CdO cauliflower-like nanostructure and high performance in photodegradation of toxic azo dyes. Materials Research Bulletin, 48 (3), 935-942. DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.11.042
  37. Kottam, N., Girija, C.R., Nagabhushana, B.M. (2012). Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye under UV/solar light using ZnO nanopowder synthesized by solution combustion route. Powder Technology, 215, 91-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.09.014
  38. Natarajan, K., Natarajan, T.S., Bajaj, H.C., Tayade, R.J. (2011). Photocatalytic reactor based on UV-LED/TiO2 coated quartz tube for degradation of dyes. Chemical Engineering Journal, 178, 40. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.007
  39. Ghorai, T. K., Chakraborty, M., Pramanik, P., (2011). Photocatalytic performance of nano-photocatalyst from TiO2 and Fe2O3 by mechanochemical synthesis. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 509, 8158. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.05.069
  40. El-Morsi, T.M., Budakowski, W.R., Abd-El-Aziz, A.S., Friesen, K.J. (2000). Photocatalytic Degradation of 1,10-Dichlorodecane in Aqueous Suspensions of TiO2: A Reaction of Adsorbed Chlorinated Alkane with Surface Hydroxyl Radicals. Environmental Science & Technology, 34, 1018-1022. DOI: 10.1021/es9907360
  41. Thein, M.T., Pung, S.Y., Chim, J.E., Pung, Y.F. (2017). Highly UV light driven WOx @ ZnO nanocomposites synthesized by liquid impregnation method. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 46, 119-129. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.10.022

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.