DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.13.2.1204.373-385

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide as An Oxidant for Solvent-free Liquid Phase Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol using Au-Pd Supported Carbon and Titanium Catalysts

1Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

3Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Received: 8 May 2017; Revised: 22 Feb 2018; Accepted: 6 Mar 2018; Published: 1 Aug 2018; Available online: 11 Jun 2018.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2018 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

The solvent free oxidation of benzyl alcohol was conducted employing Au and Pd supported catalysts, while utilizing hydrogen peroxide 35% (H2O2) as the oxidant, H2O2 is  very cheap, mild, and an environment friendly reagent, which produced water as the only by-product. Various proportions of Au-Pd catalysts on carbon and titanium oxide activated as supports were synthesized through the use of sol immobilization catalyst synthesis technique. Characterization of the synthesized catalysts was performed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). It was found that the synthesized Au-Pd/ activated carbon catalyst was  beneficial for the solvent free oxidation of benzyl alcohol after its containing high surface area measuring 871 m2g-1. Analysis of the TEM data and particle dimension revealed smaller and narrower particle size of 1 wt%. Thus, the distribution of Au-Pd/C was attained. Carbon-supported bimetallic catalysts presented a higher conversion compared to catalysts that are supported titanium oxide (TiO2) for for the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol. It was determined that this technique was a suitable process for catalyst synthesis with high selectivity, same distribution of the particle size and activations. 

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Keywords: Benzyl Alcohol; Solvent Free Oxidation; Hydrogen Peroxide; Palladium and Gold Supported Catalyst
Funding: Universiti Putra Malaysia

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